en Renal Physiology/Pharmacology Renal Physiology/Pharmacology Experimental research article Experimental research article <p><span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"><span style="line-height:115%"><b>Introduction: </b>Oxidative stress and inflammation are recognized as key contributors to the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). The present study aimed to evaluate the potential effect of endurance training (ET) and the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ, administered separately or in combination, in ovariectomized (OVX) rats subjected to UUO-induced renal damage.<br /> <b>Methods:</b> Fifty-six OVX female Wistar rats were randomly assigned to eight groups (n = 7/group): Sham, Sham+ET, Sham+MitoQ, Sham+ET+MitoQ, UUO, UUO+ET, UUO+MitoQ, and UUO+ET+MitoQ. ET was performed on a treadmill for four weeks, while MitoQ (5 mg/kg/day, IP) was administered throughout the intervention period. Histopathological alterations, oxidative stress markers, antioxidant status, and inflammatory cytokines were evaluated in obstructed kidneys.<br /> <b>Results:</b> Histological analysis demonstrated significant tubular injury, fibrosis, glomerulosclerosis, and inflammation in UUO rats (P < 0.001). Moreover, UUO increased renal malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-&alpha; (TNF-&alpha;), and interleukin-1&beta; (IL-1&beta;) levels, while significantly reducing total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (P < 0.001). ET or MitoQ treatment significantly attenuated these pathological alterations, whereas combined therapy exerted greater protective effects than either intervention alone.<br /> <b>Conclusion:</b> ET and MitoQ supplementation effectively ameliorated UUO injury in OVX rats by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation. Combined intervention produced superior reno-protective effects, compared with either intervention alone. These findings suggest that ET and MitoQ may represent a promising therapeutic approach within the experimental ovariectomized UUO model.<br /> &nbsp;</span></span></span><br /> &nbsp;</p> Endurance training,MitoQ,unilateral ureteral obstruction,oxidative stress,inflammation 0 0 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2326-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Soodeh Rajabi s_rajabi@kmu.ac.ir 3200319475328460039676 3200319475328460039676 No Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Soheil Aminizadeh soheilaminizadeh@gmail.com 3200319475328460039677 3200319475328460039677 No Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, and Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Sara Kazeminia kazeminiasara93@gmail.com 3200319475328460039678 3200319475328460039678 No Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, U.S.A. Hamid Najafipour najafipourh@yahoo.co.uk 3200319475328460039679 3200319475328460039679 No Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Majid Askaripour majid.askaripour66@gmail.com 3200319475328460039680 3200319475328460039680 Yes Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran Mohammad Abbas Bejeshk m.bejeshk@yahoo.com 3200319475328460039681 3200319475328460039681 No Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran. Elham Jafari askaripour_m@yahoo.com 3200319475328460039682 3200319475328460039682 No Pathology and Stem Cells Research Center, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran Zahrasadat Roholamini z.roholamini.97@gmail.com 3200319475328460039683 3200319475328460039683 No Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran Reza Dehghani dr.rezadehghani7@yahoo.com 3200319475328460039684 3200319475328460039684 No Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran