en Endocrine Physiology/Pharmacology Endocrine Physiology/Pharmacology Experimental research article Experimental research article <p style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 11px">Introduction: <font face="Arial,Arial"><font face="Arial,Arial">Obesity and visceral fat accumulation after menopause are associated with insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the interactive effect of aerobic-resistance training and estrogen replacement therapy on visceral fat, omentin-1 and HOMA-IR in ovariectomized rats. </font></font></span><span style="font-size: 11px">Materials and Methods: <font face="Arial,Arial"><font face="Arial,Arial">Fifty female Wistar rats were ovariectomized (OVX) and divided into 5 groups (n=10 rats per group): Ovx+sedentary (Sedentary), aerobic-resistance training (Ovx+Exe), aerobic-resistance training+estrogen replacement therapy (Ovx+Exe+Est), estrogen replacement therapy (Ovx+Est) and sesame oil (Ovx+Oil). The exercise consisted of 8-week aerobic-resistance training (20 m/min, 3 days/week, 60 min/day, 10% slope, Load 3% body weight).17b-estradiol valerate (30 &mug/kg bw in 0.2 ml sesame oil) were injected subcutaneously, three days a week during 8 weeks and the Ovx+Est+Est received both exercise protocol and estradiol as previous groups. Obtained data were analyzed by ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test. </font></font></span><span style="font-size: 11px">Results: <font face="Arial,Arial"><font face="Arial,Arial">Omentin-1showed significant increase in Ovx+Exe compared to Ovx+Exe+Est and Ovx+Est (P<0.05). HOMA-IR and visceral fat was decreased in Ovx+Exe, Ovx+Exe+Est compared to Sedentary (P<0.05). </font></font></span><span style="font-size: 11px">Conclusion: <font face="Arial,Arial"><font face="Arial,Arial">Eight-week aerobic-resistance training, 17-b estradiol replacement and co-treatment of exercise+estrogen successfully decreased visceral fat and insulin resistance probably via elevation in omentin-1 in ovaryectomized rats. Regarding the risk of hormone replacement therapy this study suggests that 2- month aerobic-resistance training is more effective in treating metabolic syndrome, rather than estrogen replacement therapy.</font></font></span></p> Combined Exercise, Hormone Therapy, HOMA-IR, Omentin-1, Visceral Adipose 200 207 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-877-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Parvin Babaei P_babaei@yahoo.com 3200319475328460015633 3200319475328460015633 Yes Department of Physiology, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran Ameneh Pourrahim Ghouroghchi amenehpoorrahim@yahoo.com 3200319475328460015634 3200319475328460015634 No Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran Arsalan Damirchi Arsalan388@yahoo.com 3200319475328460015635 3200319475328460015635 No Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran Bahram Soltani Tehrani soltani@gums.ac.ir 3200319475328460015636 3200319475328460015636 No Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran