en Renal Physiology/Pharmacology Renal Physiology/Pharmacology Experimental research article Experimental research article <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Introduction: </strong>Considering the limitations of conventional therapeutic methods in renal failure, researchers are paying attention to the application of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) and their protective effects against acute renal failure. This study aims to assess the therapeutic effects of AD-MSCs in gentamicin-induced renal failure in rats. <strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 40 male Wistar rats were studied in control, sham, gentamicin treated with and without receiving AD-MSCs. After 10 days, blood samples were collected and hemodynamic parameters, malondialdehyde and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) measured in the right and left kidneys underwent histologic examination. <strong>Results: </strong>Gentamicin administration significantly increased plasma creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, oxidative stress parameters and histologic damages; while significantly reduced FRAP in the gentamicin-receiving group in comparison with the sham group. AD-MSCs treatment significantly improved renal function parameters, oxidative stress and histologic damages in comparison with the gentamicin receiving group. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Intravenous injection of AD-MSCs in gentamicin-induced renal failure improved renal function, oxidative stress parameters and histologic damages.</div> Acute renal failure, Gentamicin, Mesenchymal stem cells, Oxidative stress. 133 141 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-963-7&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Leila Hafazeh 3200319475328460029416 3200319475328460029416 No Department of Physiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran Saeed Changizi-Ashtiyani 3200319475328460029417 3200319475328460029417 No Department of Physiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran Houshang Najafi 3200319475328460029418 3200319475328460029418 No Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran Faezeh Ghasemi 3200319475328460029419 3200319475328460029419 No Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Tina Rahjoo 3200319475328460029420 3200319475328460029420 No Department of Physiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran Saeid Babaei 3200319475328460029421 3200319475328460029421 No Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran Majid Ramezani dr.ramezani145@gmail.com 3200319475328460029422 3200319475328460029422 Yes Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Bagiatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran