en Neurophysiology/Pharmacology Neurophysiology/Pharmacology Experimental research article Experimental research article <strong>Introduction:</strong> Adenosine plays an important role in increasing glucose uptake into muscles. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) enzymes convert adenosine into inosine and 2&prime;-deoxyinosine. Increased ADA activity leads to the reduction of adenosine, subsequently lowering glucose absorption in skeletal muscles. Uncontrolled diabetes tends to result in complications such as diabetic neuropathy.To investigate the association between serum ADA levels and lower limb nerve conduction velocity in individuals with type II diabetes mellitus.<br /> <strong>Methods:</strong> This study included 60 participants, with 30 patients in the diabetes group and the remaining 30 in the control group. Serum ADA levels were measured, and nerve conduction recordings were performed on the lower limb&rsquo;s motor peroneal, tibial, and sensory sural nerves.&nbsp;<br /> <strong>Results: </strong>In diabetes patients, lower limb sensory sural nerves, motor tibial, and peroneal nerves showed increased latency, reduced amplitude, and decreased nerve conduction velocity compared to the control group. ADA levels were found to be higher in diabetic patients than in the control group. A negative correlation was observed between sensory sural nerve conduction velocity and ADA levels, with females exhibiting more negative correlations than males. No association was found between motor peroneal and motor tibial nerve conduction parameters and ADA levels.<br /> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Sensory nerves are affected much earlier than motor nerves under hyperglycemic conditions. Elevated ADA levels indicate reduced insulin sensitivity, and the depletion of adenosine contributes to nerve damage. ADA levels could be useful in diagnosing early peripheral nerve damage.<br /> <quillbot-extension-portal></quillbot-extension-portal> Adenosine deaminase, Nerve conduction, Motor nerve, Sensory nerve, Lower limb 27 35 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1925-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Manikandan Sathiyaseelan manikandans@mgmcri.ac.in 3200319475328460034157 0000000166953814 Yes Manikandan SathiyaseelanTutor, Department of PhysiologyMahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research InstituteSri Balaji Vidyapeeth University, Pillayarkuppam, Puducherry – India Suchitra Palve drsuchitrapalve11@gmail.com 3200319475328460034158 0000000227644485 No Professor, Department of physiology Symbiosis Medical College for Women, Symbiosis International Deemed University, Lavale, Pune – India. Kuzhandaivelu Vengadapathy kuzhandaiv@mgmcri.ac.in 3200319475328460034159 0000000243288329 No Assistant professor, Department of BiochemistryMahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth University, Pillayarkuppam, Puducherry – India Devi R Nithiya nithiya.ravi@gmail.com 3200319475328460034160 0000000223371109 No Assistant Professor, Department of PhysiologyIndira Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute,Puducherry- India Jeneth Berlin Raj jenethberlinraj@gmail.com 3200319475328460034161 0000000154124824 No Professor & Head, Department of PhysiologyMahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth University, Pillayarkuppam, Puducherry – India.