en Respiratory Physiology/Pharmacology Respiratory Physiology/Pharmacology Experimental research article Experimental research article <p><span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"><strong>Introduction: </strong>Many studies have shown that asthma is characterized by inflammation of the airway and infiltration of eosinophil cells (EOSCs). It has also shown that during pregnancy, the level of leptin, as a regulator of immune responses, increases with the progression of the pregnancy process. In this study, the effect of asthma on inflammatory factors was evaluated in the lung and uterine tissues of asthmatic pregnant or non-pregnant mice.<br /> <strong>Methods: </strong>In this experimental study, 40 female Balb/c mice (8 weeks old) were classified into 4 groups, and asthma by ovalbumin (OVA) at a concentration of 20 &mu;g/100&mu;l was induced. Lung and uterus tissues were histopathologically evaluated for the presence of inflammation. The level of leptin hormone in blood serum was investigated using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Also, Interleukin-8 (<em>IL-8</em>), forkhead box protein 3 (<em>Foxp3</em>), eosinophil chemotactic protein (<em>eotaxin</em>), and mucin 5AC (<em>Muc5ac</em>) gene expression were measured in respiratory and uterine cells by Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) assay (P<0.05, P<0.01 and P<0.001).&nbsp;<br /> <strong>Results: </strong>Morphological assessment of inflammation in lung tissue showed a significant increase in asthmatic groups compared to healthy groups. Hormone measurement revealed a significant rise in leptin levels in pregnant groups compared to non-pregnant groups. Also, the expression level of <em>IL-8</em>, <em>Foxp3</em>, <em>eotaxin</em>, and <em>Muc5ac </em>genes increased in pregnancy compared to negative control.<br /> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>In asthma, inflammation rate increases at the cellular and molecular levels, and the leptin increment might have an influence on the inflammation.</span></span></p> Asthma,Pregnancy,Eosinophils cell,Leptin,Inflammatory factors. 453 464 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2275-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Gisou Barid Oliaei gisoubarid@gmail.com 3200319475328460036775 3200319475328460036775 No Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Leila Mirzaeian Lmirzaey64@gmail.com 3200319475328460036776 3200319475328460036776 No Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran Seyedeh Maryam Hosseinikhah mhosseinikhah@yahoo.com 3200319475328460036777 3200319475328460036777 No Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, MashhadUniversity Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Mahdiyeh Sarabadani flower201415@gmail.com 3200319475328460036778 3200319475328460036778 No Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, MashhadUniversity Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Parichehreh Yaghmaei yaghmaei_p@srbiau.ac.ir 3200319475328460036779 3200319475328460036779 No Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Shahryar Farahmand Giglou sfarahmand.fg@gmail.com 3200319475328460036780 3200319475328460036780 No Center for Comprehensive Genetic Services, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Paul Mozdziak pemozdzi@ncsu.edu 3200319475328460036781 3200319475328460036781 No Physiology Graduate Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA Ehsan Ehsani ehsan.ehsani@iau.ac.ir 3200319475328460036782 3200319475328460036782 Yes Department of Biology, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran Seyed Shamsadin Athari ss.athari@zums.ac.ir 3200319475328460036783 3200319475328460036783 No Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran