en Nervous system (others) Others Experimental research article Experimental research article <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12px"><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><strong>Introduction: </strong>It is now accepted that scrotal heat stress could adversely affect spermatogenesis. This high thermal condition can cause a reduced male fertility potential. Nowadays, insufficient research exists on the impact of transient scrotal hyperthermia on heat shock proteins 70 and 90 in murine subjects. In the current study, we investigated the effects of scrotal hyperthermia on the expression of heat shock proteins, stereological parameters, and semen quality in mice. </span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12px"><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><strong>Methods: </strong>In this examination, a total of 18 healthy adult male NMRI mice were divided equally into two groups: control and scrotal hyperthermia. Scrotal heat stress was induced by placing the lower parts of mice bodies into the water bath for three consecutive days (43&deg;C, 20 min/day). Then, epididymis and testicular samples were collected for evaluation of sperm parameters, stereological study, mRNA, and protein expression of HSP70 and HSP90. </span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12px"><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><strong>Results: </strong>Our results revealed that scrotal hyperthermia could strikingly increase the level of mRNA and protein expression of HSP70 and HSP90 in the samples. In addition, stereological parameters and semen quality significantly decreased in transient scrotal hyperthermia-induced mice compared to the control group. </span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12px"><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our research indicates that transient hyperthermia on the scrotum can lead to increased expression of HSP70 and HSP90 at both mRNA and protein levels, subsequently affecting male fertility.</span></span></p> Hyperthermia, Heat Shock Protein, Testis, Male fertility, Heat stress 74 83 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2332-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Azar Afshar azar.afshar8894@gmail.com 3200319475328460037000 3200319475328460037000 No Mens Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran. Fakhroddin Aghajanpour fakhroddin72@gmail.com 3200319475328460037001 3200319475328460037001 No Mens Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran. Reza Soltani rezasoltanikazemii@gmail.com 3200319475328460037002 3200319475328460037002 No Mens Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran. Saeed Vafaei-Nezhad vafayisaeed@gmail.com 3200319475328460037003 3200319475328460037003 No Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran. Samira Ezi eziysamira@gmail.com 3200319475328460037004 3200319475328460037004 No Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Disease Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran. Nahid Azad nazad1390@gmail.com 3200319475328460037005 3200319475328460037005 No Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran Abbas Aliaghaei aghaei60@gmail.com 3200319475328460037006 3200319475328460037006 No Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad Javad Fridoni fredoni_javad@yahoo.com 3200319475328460037007 3200319475328460037007 No Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. Nilofar Tavakoli niloofartavakoli.ntr@gmail.com 3200319475328460037008 3200319475328460037008 No Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad-Amin Abdollahifar m_amin58@yahoo.com 3200319475328460037009 3200319475328460037009 No Mens Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad Hossien Heidari hosseinheydari1441@gmail.com 3200319475328460037010 3200319475328460037010 Yes Mens Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran