Physiology and Pharmacology

en Foot Mental Rotation Deficits in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis and their Relationship with Cognitive Function Neurophysiology/Pharmacology Neurophysiology/Pharmacology Clinical research article Clinical research article Introduction: Mental rotation (MR) of body parts relies not only on visuospatial processing but also on motor imagery mechanisms involving premotor cortical areas. Therefore, impairment in MR tasks may reflect both cognitive and motor dysfunction. We studied whether there is an impairment in reaction time and response accuracy rate of foot mental rotation (FMR), Paced Auditory Serial Addition (PASAT) score and walking time in individuals with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). The study also examined potential links between walking duratioN, FMR, and PASAT accuracy. Methods: Basic procedures: 37 RRMS patients and 40 healthy subjects performed FMR tasks, Physical activity and auditory information processing were assessed by Timed25-Foot Walk (T25-FW) and PASAT tests. Results: The average reaction time to stimuli of both legs and walking time in the RRMS group significantly increased compared with control group. The mean PASAT score of control group was significantly higher than the RRMS. There was no notable correlation between walking time and response accuracy rate in FMR task. Meanwhile there was a negative correlation between walking time and the number of correct responses in PASAT and positive correlation between walking time and reaction time in FMR. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that RRMS patients exhibit significant impairments in both motor and cognitive performance compared with healthy subjects. These findings suggest that RRMS affects not only motor functions but also cognitive-motor integration processes such as MR. These findings suggest that rehabilitation especially a combination of motor imagery exercises and physical therapy may help walking improvement in RRMS.   Multiple sclerosis,Foot Mental Rotation,Motor imagery,Walking Time.,Paced Auditory Serial Addition 0 0 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2590-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Faezeh Esmaeili Ranjbar esmaili.faezeh@gmail.com 3200319475328460039078 3200319475328460039078 No Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran Zahra Assadollahi asadollahi.zahra@gmail.com 3200319475328460039079 3200319475328460039079 No Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran MohmmadJavad Ranjbarkarimi m.j.ranjbar76@gmail.com 3200319475328460039080 3200319475328460039080 No Student Research Committee, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran Fatemeh Toyserkani faateemeehTooyserkani@gmail.com 3200319475328460039081 3200319475328460039081 No Student Research Committee, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran Zeinab Heidari faezeh_esmaili@yahoo.com 3200319475328460039082 3200319475328460039082 No Vice President of Health, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran Fatemeh ayoobi ayoobi.fatemeh@gmail.com 3200319475328460039083 3200319475328460039083 No Occupational Safety and Health Research Center, NICICO, World Safety Organization and Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran Mostafa Hadavinejad hadavinejad@gmail.com 3200319475328460039084 3200319475328460039084 No Department of Management, Faculty of Administrative Sciences & Economy, Vali-e-Asr University, Rafsanjan, Iran Mahdieh Azin mahdieh.azin@gmail.com 3200319475328460039085 0000000341117806 Yes Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute on Basic Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran