en Cell, Stem Cell and Cancer Cell, Stem Cell and Cancer Experimental research article Experimental research article <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"><strong>Introduction:</strong> Despite various treatment methods, the damaged peripheral nervous system has become a severe problem in today&rsquo;s societies. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of cultured bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) on the chitosan-gelatin membrane and olive fruit extract in Wistar rat cutaneous sciatic nerve repair.<br /> <strong>Methods:</strong> The chitosan-gelatin membrane was prepared after the extraction of olive oil, the extraction of BMSCs, and cultivation in special pellets. Wistar rats were divided to 9 groups (n=5): healthy control, sciatic nerve injury, nerve injury treated with bone marrow stromal stem cells, nerve injury treated with olive fruit extract, nerve injury treated with olive fruit extract+bone marrow stromal stem cells, nerve injury treated with olive fruit extract+chitosan-gelatin, nerve injury treated with chitosan-gelatin+ bone marrow stromal stem cells, and nerve injury treated with olive fruit extract+chitosan-gelatin+ bone marrow stromal stem cells. The treatment period was 8 weeks, then the evaluation of sciatic nerve damage repair included electrophysiological, sciatic functional index, tissue sampling, immunocytochemistry, and histopathological examination.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong> In the group treated with olive fruit extract +chitosan-gelatin+ bone marrow stromal stem cells, sciatic nerve repair was observed with an increase in nerve conduction velocity (m/s), amplitude muscle action potential (mv), number of (vessels and fiber), most significant area of vessels, myeline, axon, and fiber (1000 micro m2) and a decrease in statistic functional index (0 to -50) (P<0.0001).<br /> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The combination of olive extract, chitosan-gelatin, and bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) demonstrated a significant reparative effect on sciatic nerve injury and could serve as a promising approach for peripheral nerve repair.</span></span></p> Peripheral nervous system, Sciatic nerve, Chitosan-gelatin scaffold, Olive fruit extract, Bone marrow stromal stem cells 210 226 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2636-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 mostafa moazami mostafamoazami1986@gmail.com 3200319475328460039555 3200319475328460039555 No Department of Biology, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Nasim Hayati-Roodbari hayati@iau.ac.ir 3200319475328460039556 0000000259425770 Yes Department of Biology, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Kazem Parivar k.parivar@srbiau.ac.ir 3200319475328460039557 3200319475328460039557 No Department of Biology, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Kamalinejad mkamalinejad@yahoo.com 3200319475328460039558 3200319475328460039558 No Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran gholamreza kaka gh-kaka@yahoo.com 3200319475328460039559 3200319475328460039559 No Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran