en jalali 1403 6 1 gregorian 2024 9 1 28 3 online 1 fulltext

en The main pathological features of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) include the cytotoxic extracellular accumulation of the amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. The Aβ plaques are responsible for cholinergic dysfunction and dementia in AD patients. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and Aβ form an immune complex that activates neuroglia, clearing Aβ from the brain. Various Aβ-based therapeutic strategies have been proposed to reduce Aβ production, inhibit Aβ aggregation, and increase Aβ clearance. New medicines, such as aducanumab and donanemab, which are human IgG1 monoclonal antibodies, reduce cognitive impairment in patients with AD by decreasing the amount of Aβ plaques. Despite the considerable advantages of these agents, some disadvantages have also been reported, including Aβ-related imaging abnormalities, anaphylaxis, high cost, and contradictory results. Moreover, donanemab has delivered contradictory outcomes in improving recognition and performance in AD. However, although not fully proven yet, fewer side effects are reported for donanemab compared to aducanumab. Therefore, this review aims to explore the research background, compare the mechanism of action, and understand the advantages and disadvantages of aducanumab and donanemab. As a result, these medicines with maximum effectiveness and safety, yet fewer side effects, could be developed for future treatment and references. Amyloid-beta, Donanemab, Aducanumab, Alzheimer’s disease, Monoclonal antibodies 219 236 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2070-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2023/05/16 1402/2/26 2024/04/6 1403/1/18 Mehran Joodaki Department of physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. mehran.joodaki@resident.mui.ac.ir 00319475328460036158 0000000190622716 No Mona Merati Shirazi Biomedical engineering faculty, Biomechanics Department, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research branch, Tehran, Iran merati.mona@gmail.com 00319475328460036159 0000000944788497 No Nasrin Hosseini Neuroscience Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran hosseini.n@iums.ac.ir 00319475328460036160 0000000264404958 Yes

en Circadian rhythm is a biological clock that regulates various physiological and pathological processes in the body. It is believed that any disturbance in circadian rhythm leads to impairment in some physiological systems, such as the endocrine, reproductive, renal, and cardiovascular systems. Various internal and external factors can alter circadian homeostasis and metabolism in a tissue-specific manner, and any disruption in these temporal interactions can result in the development of some chronic disorders. Circadian rhythm plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of diseases, including cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease, mood disorders, sleep disorders, diabetes mellitus, metabolism disorders, and cancer. This review aims to provide a brief overview of the basic circadian processes and an overview of current and future research directions in circadian rhythm and its related treatments. Circadian rhythm, Physiology, Circadian Clock System, Chronotherapy, Circadian disruption 237 256 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2252-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2023/05/162023/11/15 1402/8/24 2024/04/62024/04/2 1403/1/14 Shahrzad Sadat Eftekhar Vaghefi Pathology and stem cell Research center, Kerman University of Medical, Sciences, Kerman, Iran 00319475328460036161 00319475328460036161 No Reza Malekpour Afshar Pathology and stem cell Research center, Kerman University of Medical, Sciences, Kerman, Iran 00319475328460036162 00319475328460036162 No Fatemeh Shahsavari Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran 00319475328460036163 00319475328460036163 No Fatemeh Mousavi Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran 00319475328460036164 00319475328460036164 No Seyed Hossein Eftekhar Vaghefi Pathology and stem cell Research center, Kerman University of Medical, Sciences, Kerman, Iran 00319475328460036165 00319475328460036165 No Seyyed Jafar Nosratabadi Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran 00319475328460036166 00319475328460036166 No Mohammad Khaksari Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran 00319475328460036167 00319475328460036167 No Zahra Soltani Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran 00319475328460036168 00319475328460036168 No Gholamreza Asadikaram Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran 00319475328460036169 00319475328460036169 No Manzoomeh Shamsi Meymandi Pathology and stem cell Research center, Kerman University of Medical, Sciences, Kerman, Iran 00319475328460036170 00319475328460036170 No Alireza Raji Amir Hasani Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran 00319475328460036171 00319475328460036171 No Mona Saheli Department of Anatomical Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran 00319475328460036172 00319475328460036172 No Masoumeh Baghalishahi Department of Anatomical Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran 00319475328460036173 00319475328460036173 No Maryam Fekri Soofi Abadi Pathology and stem cell Research center, Kerman University of Medical, Sciences, Kerman, Iran 00319475328460036174 00319475328460036174 No Mahnaz Mohammadizadeh Pathology and stem cell Research center, Kerman University of Medical, Sciences, Kerman, Iran 00319475328460036175 00319475328460036175 No Shahriar Dabiri Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Pathology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran dabiri12@yahoo.com 00319475328460036176 0000000259223976 Yes

en Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) has gradually become a vital part of health care currently. AI and machine learning (ML) have made significant progress in recent years, particularly in terms of deep learning (DL) approaches in pharmacology. AI will have a significant impact on pharmacologists at all levels in the coming decade, including drug development and research, medical education, and clinical practice. AI is transforming health research, by boosting data analysis, providing diagnostic tools, predicting outcomes, and helping develop personalized treatments. AI affords early detection of diseases and creates virtual patient models to assess treatments. In this reverence, the objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the impact of AI in the field of Pharmacology and health research.  Methods: The review was performed by preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The studies published from 2009 to 2022 were identified using specific keywords through searches on PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Cochrane review databases. The explorations retrieved 972 studies and on subsequent screening with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 71 studies were included for this systematic review. Results: The collective results showed that AI plays a significant role in the fields of pharmacology, research, medical education, health care diagnostics, and clinical practice, with high accuracy and efficiency. Conclusion: AI has emerged as a powerful tool in pharmacology and healthcare, offering innovative solutions to longstanding challenges. It has revolutionized and digitally transformed the manual healthcare system into an automated version in many areas. Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Pharmacology, Health Research 257 270 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2102-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2023/05/162023/11/152023/06/25 1402/4/4 2024/04/62024/04/22024/02/19 1402/11/30 Anupama Gudadappanavar Department of Pharmacology, J N Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER), Belagavi, Karnataka, India dranumg26@gmail.com 00319475328460036177 0000000181168005 No Prashant Hombal Department of General Surgery, J N Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER), Belagavi, Karnataka, India hombalp@yahoo.com 00319475328460036178 0000000299569090 No Jyoti Benni Department of Pharmacology, J N Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER), Belagavi, Karnataka, India benni_jyoti@yahoo.co.in 00319475328460036179 0000000158772378 Yes

en Introduction: In endemic malarial nations, repeated use of antimalarial drugs has increased due to resistance, misuse, and unrestricted availability, which could contribute to infertility rates. Therefore, we investigated the effects of long-term repeated treatment with two commonly prescribed artemisinin-based combination therapies, artemether/lumefantrine (A/L) and artesunate-amodiaquine (A/A), on reproductive potential in mice.  Methods: Sixty male mice were divided into three groups: control, A/L, and A/A treatment.  Mice underwent treatment for three consecutive days per week, and this regimen was repeated every two weeks for a total of six cycles. Sperm parameters were evaluated after the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 6th exposure cycles, after which treated male mice were paired with female mice for mating. Results: Sperm viability was significantly reduced by 21% (P<0.001) following the 6th exposure to A/L, whereas the 2nd, 3rd, and 6th exposures to A/A resulted in significant decreases in sperm viability of 26% (P<0.001), 12% (P<0.01), and 31% (P<0.001), respectively, compared to the control group. Treatment with A/A during the 3rd and 6th periods led to a significant decline (P<0.001) in sperm mass activity by 20% and 28%, respectively, compared to the control group. However, long-term therapeutic exposure to A/L or A/A did not affect testosterone levels, epididymal content, or the ability to impregnate female mice. Conclusion: Long-term treatment with A/L or A/A did not affect testosterone levels or epididymal content. However, a decrease in sperm viability was observed, even though the mice remained fertile. Infertility, Artemisinin, Sperm cells, testosterone 271 281 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1877-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2023/05/162023/11/152023/06/252023/06/13 1402/3/23 2024/04/62024/04/22024/02/192024/04/23 1403/2/4 David Audu Department of Pure and Applied Zoology, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agri-culture Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria audud@funaab.edu.ng 00319475328460036180 0000000291889620 Yes Idowu Olufunmilayo Ajoke Department of Pure and Applied Zoology, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agri-culture Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria 00319475328460036181 00319475328460036181 No Mshelbwala Fakilahyel Musa Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria 00319475328460036182 00319475328460036182 No Idowu Adewumi Babatunde Department of Pure and Applied Zoology, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agri-culture Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria 00319475328460036183 00319475328460036183 No

en Introduction: The consumption of fructose sweeteners as an alternative to high-calorie diets has been linked to various metabolic diseases due to increased oxidative stress. This study investigated changes in testicular and ovarian functions following Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation (ω-3 PUFAs) in rats fed a High Fructose Diet (HFD). Methods: Forty Wistar rats were equally and randomly distributed into four groups. Each group was further subdivided by gender, with an equal number of animals in each sub-group. Group A assigned as control, while Groups B and C were administered HFD containing 10% and 20% v/v fructose solution, respectively. Group D rats were provided 20% v/v HFD and ω-3 PUFAs.  Results: After six weeks of consumption, HFD resulted in reduced semen quality and gonadal reproductive hormone levels, while increasing testicular and ovarian oxidative stress. ω-3 PUFAs improved semen quality, reproductive hormone concentrations, and antioxidant defense system. Conclusion: HFD impairs gonadal function, however, dietary supplementation with ω-3 PUFAs improves gonadal functions by enhancing the antioxidant defense mechanism. High-fructose diet,Infertility,Omega-3,Ovary,Oxidative stress 282 294 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1724-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2023/05/162023/11/152023/06/252023/06/132022/05/21 1401/2/31 2024/04/62024/04/22024/02/192024/04/232023/04/11 1402/1/22 Ehitare Ekhoye Department of Physiology, College of Medical Sciences, Edo State University Uzairue, Nigeria ekhoye.ehitare@edouniversity.edu.ng 00319475328460036218 0000000300329343 Yes Ejime Agbonifo-Chijiokwu Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria eagbonifo-chijiokwu@delsu.edu.ng 00319475328460036219 0000000301545515 No Eze Nwangwa Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria eknwangwa@delsu.edu.ng 00319475328460036220 0000000301154119 No

en Introduction: The nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide (NO) is considered a possible alternative pathway for NO production. Consequently, this research aimed to assess how adding dietary nitrate or nitrite affects the inhibitory avoidance task, the threshold for clonic seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), and levels of nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) in mice. Methods: In this research, 40 male NMRI mice were used, with 8 mice in each of the five groups including control and four experimental groups (given 50 or 100 mg/l nitrate or nitrite in drinking water for 21 days). The mice’s memory retention was assessed through the step-down passive avoidance test, while their locomotor activity was measured using the open-field apparatus. The seizure threshold was determined by administering PTZ through intravenous infusion. Additionally, the levels of NOx in the brain tissue were quantified using the Griess method. Results: Supplementation with either nitrate or nitrite at a concentration of 100 mg/L resulted in a significant increase in the step-down passive avoidance latency compared to the control group (P<0.01). Only nitrate at a concentration of 100 mg/L significantly increased the threshold for PTZ-induced clonic seizures (P<0.001). The levels of NOx were significantly elevated in all groups that received nitrate or nitrite at concentrations of 50 and 100 mg/L (P<0.05). Conclusion: We conclude that the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway is partly involved in the memory-improving effects of nitrate or nitrite and the increase of PTZ-induced clonic seizure threshold following nitrate supplementation.  Nitric oxide, Nitrite, Pentylenetetrazole, Memory, step-down passive avoidance 295 303 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2177-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2023/05/162023/11/152023/06/252023/06/132022/05/212023/09/2 1402/6/11 2024/04/62024/04/22024/02/192024/04/232023/04/112024/02/27 1402/12/8 shima davoudi Student Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran shimadavoudi7@gmail.com 00319475328460036187 0000000178684236 No abolfazl ardjmand Physiology Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran ardjmand_ab@kaums.ac.ir 00319475328460036188 0000000296371759 No azhdar heydari Physiology Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran heydariazh@kaums.ac.ir 00319475328460036189 0000000206176977 Yes

en Introduction: Frequent occurrence of diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) in patients with respiratory disease suggests a role of underlying chronic hypoxia (CH) in its pathogenesis. The present study aimed to delineate the link between CH, sympathovagal balance, and glucose homeostasis (GH) as well as to explore the role of L/N type calcium channel blocker, cilnidipine in alleviating CH-induced pathophysiology in experimental animals. Methods: Wister rats were divided into four groups: group I: control, (normoxia, 21%O2); group II: chronic hypoxia (CH) (10%O2, 90%N2); group III: normoxia+cilnidipine (cil, 2mg/kg/day); group IV: CH+Cil (10%O2, 90%N2 + cil, 2mg/kg/day). Sympathovagal balance was assessed by heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. Glucose homeostasis was evaluated by fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting plasma insulin, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), HOMA-IR, and HOMA-β. The fasting lipid profile was also assessed.   Results: CH increased LF (nu), LF/HF, and decreased HF (nu). Additionally, CH increased FPG and HOMA-IR which were positively correlated with LF/HF and induced an atherogenic lipid profile. OGTT revealed normal 2h post-challenge glucose levels. In the cilnidipine-treated CH exposed group, LF (nu), HF (nu), and LF/HF were lower compared CH and glucose homeostasis parameters were comparable to control.  Conclusion: CH, by enhancing sympathetic activity, disturbs glucose homeostasis, leading to isolated impaired fasting glycemia (i-IFG), a prediabetic state. Cilnidipine improved glucose homeostasis in CH-exposed experimental animals by ameliorating sympathetic hyperactivity with complementary effects on lipid profile, suggesting its utility as an adjunctive therapy against CH-induced T2DM. Cilnidipine, HOMA IR, Hypoxia, Glucose Tolerance Test, Prediabetes 304 313 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1935-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2023/05/162023/11/152023/06/252023/06/132022/05/212023/09/22023/01/28 1401/11/8 2024/04/62024/04/22024/02/192024/04/232023/04/112024/02/272024/02/27 1402/12/8 Shrilaxmi Bagali Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India shrilaxmi.bagali@bldedu.ac.in 00319475328460036190 0000000180403827 Yes Pallavi Kanthe Dr Kiran C Patel Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Bharuch, Gujarat, India pallavi.kanthe@bldedu.ac.in 00319475328460036191 0000000302160043 No R Chandramouli Reddy Department of Biochemistry, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India rcm.reddy@bldedu.ac.in 00319475328460036192 0000000274601875 No Gouher Banu Shaikh Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India gouher.banu@bldedu.ac.in 00319475328460036193 0000000301959224 No Sumangala Patil Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India sumangala.patil@bldedu.ac.in 00319475328460036194 0000000228257540 No Kusal Das Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India kusaldas@bldedu.ac.in 00319475328460036195 0000000236412117 No

en Introduction: The high-level antimicrobial resistance, particularly carbapenem resistance, in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a global health challenge. The combination of antibiotics and synergy effects is beneficial in control of drug-resistant P. aeruginosa. The synergic interaction of antimicrobial agents is af-fected by the mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of efflux pump inhibition on the synergy of antibiotics against carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa. Methods: The antibiotics’ minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by the microbroth dilu-tion method. The synergy effect of antibiotics was determined using the checkerboard assay with-out and with Resistance-Nodulation- Division (RND) efflux pump inhibitor phenylalanine-arginine beta-naphthylamide (PAβN). Results: The highest levels of synergistic effects were found between cefepime/tobramycin and meropenem/tobramycin combinations in 35.3% of isolates. After adding PAβN, the most frequent synergistic effects were observed between the meropenem/ciprofloxacin and cefepime/ciprofloxacin combinations, found in 64.7% of isolates. The adding PAβN led to an increase in the synergy of all combinations except tobramycin/colistin. The highest effect of PAβN on the synergy effects of antibiotics combination was observed in meropenem/ciprofloxacin, cefepime/ciprofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin/colistin (an increase of 41.2%).  Conclusion: RND efflux pump inhibition has a noticeable effect on the results of synergy tests of some antimi-crobial agent combinations. Given the drug- and strain-dependent effects of PAβN on synergy re-sults, the effects of efflux pump inhibitors should be studied on different combinations of drugs and a large population of bacterial strains.  Synergy, Efflux pumps, inhibitors, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 314 323 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-971-3&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2023/05/162023/11/152023/06/252023/06/132022/05/212023/09/22023/01/282023/07/13 1402/4/22 2024/04/62024/04/22024/02/192024/04/232023/04/112024/02/272024/02/272024/01/31 1402/11/11 Mahsa Vahdatipur Dizaj Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran vahdati_elect90@yahoo.com 00319475328460036196 0009000083769816 No Reza Ghotaslou Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran rzgottaslo@yahoo.com 00319475328460036197 0000000347623558 No Mina Yekani Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran mina_yekani71@yahoo.com 00319475328460036198 0000000289913521 No Seyyed Reza Moaddab Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran srmoaddab@gmail.com 00319475328460036199 0000000158452307 No Behrooz Naghili Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran naghili_b@yahoo.com 00319475328460036200 0000000162497751 No Edris Nabizadeh Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran nabizadeh.edris@gmail.com 00319475328460036201 0000000281928382 No Mohammad Yousef Memar Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran y.memar@yahoo.com 00319475328460036202 0000000203284753 Yes

en Introduction: Excessive synthesis of thyroid hormone in hyperthyroidism is related to the imbalance of oxidative status in living organisms. Melatonin mediates its effects either directly through scavenging free radicals or indirectly through the activation of melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2). The present study investigated the involvement of melatonin receptors in the melatonin-mediated attenuation of hyperthyroidism-induced oxidative stress in the spleen of laboratory mice. Methods: The hyperthyroidism was induced by L-thyroxine (0.6µg/g B. wt.) supplementation. The experimental mice were supplemented with melatonin (25 µg/100g B. wt.) subcutaneously. Oxidative stress, melatonin receptor expression in the spleen tissues, and circulatory levels of thyroid hormone were determined.  Results: L-thyroxine treatment caused a significant increase in serum T3 and T4 levels. Melatonin supplementation caused a significant decrease in serum T3 and T4 levels in L-thyroxine-treated mice. L-thyroxine treatment increased MDA levels and suppressed catalase and SOD enzyme activities. Melatonin treatment caused suppression of MDA levels and an increase in SOD and catalase activities. L-thyroxine treatment caused significant suppression in MT1 receptor expression and a significant increase in MT2 receptor expression. Melatonin supplementation significantly induced the MT2 receptor protein expression in the spleen tissues of experimental mice. Conclusion: This study suggests that alterations in MT2 melatonin receptor expression may be associated with melatonin-mediated attenuation of oxidative stress in the spleen tissues of hyperthyroid mice. Hyperthyroidism, oxidative stress, melatonin, MT1, MT2 receptors 324 337 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2263-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2023/05/162023/11/152023/06/252023/06/132022/05/212023/09/22023/01/282023/07/132023/12/1 1402/9/10 2024/04/62024/04/22024/02/192024/04/232023/04/112024/02/272024/02/272024/01/312024/04/2 1403/1/14 Shiv Singh Tripura University shivssingh@tripurauniv.ac.in 00319475328460036203 00319475328460036203 Yes Subhrata Sarma Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Tripura (West)- 799022, India subhrata84sarma@gmail.com 00319475328460036204 00319475328460036204 No Anubhuti Kashyap Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Tripura (West)- 799022, India anu95kashyap@gmail.com 00319475328460036205 00319475328460036205 No Arjita Chakrabarti Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Tripura (West)- 799022, India arjitachakrabarti95@gmail.com 00319475328460036206 00319475328460036206 No

en Introduction: Green tea possesses gastroprotective effects via different mechanisms including lipoxygenase inhibition. We compared its protective effects with licofelone (as a potent lipoxygenase inhibitor) on reducing the incidence of gastric ulcers caused by indomethacin. Methods: 48 rats received an aqueous extract of green tea (GTAE; 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg), licofelone (30 mg/kg), zileuton (100 mg/kg), or 0.18% Tween 80 in the presence of indomethacin (100 mg/kg). Two groups received only GTAE (200 mg/kg) or indomethacin (100 mg/kg). The gastric ulcer index and Malondialdehyde (MDA) in gastric tissues were evaluated. To investigate the analgesic effect in acute and chronic phases, 24 rats received GTAE (200 mg/kg), licofelone (30 mg/kg), indomethacin (30 mg/kg), or 0.18% Tween 80 in the presence of formalin (2.5%). The behavior of rats was monitored for 30 minutes (minutes 0 to 5 and 25 to 30) for licking and biting feet and tails. Results: Indomethacin (100 mg/kg) produced clear macroscopic lesions compared to the control group. GTAE (100 and 200 mg/kg), licofelone, and Zileuton showed a significant decrease in wound score compared to indomethacin. GTAE (100 mg/kg and 200), licofelone, and zileuton displayed a significant decrease in the MDA content of gastric tissue compared to the indomethacin group. Notably, GTAE exerted greater benefits than licofelone. Besides, GTAE (200 mg/kg) showed a significant decrease observed in both acute and chronic stages of pain compared to licofelone (30 mg/kg). Conclusion: GTAE (200 mg/kg) possesses anti-ulcer and analgesic effects similar to licofelone. The exact mechanism is probably via inhibition of lipoxygenase (LOX) and antioxidant effects. Green tea, Lipoxygenase, Indomethacin, Gastric or peptic ulcer, Analgesic 338 350 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2269-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2023/05/162023/11/152023/06/252023/06/132022/05/212023/09/22023/01/282023/07/132023/12/12023/12/4 1402/9/13 2024/04/62024/04/22024/02/192024/04/232023/04/112024/02/272024/02/272024/01/312024/04/22024/04/2 1403/1/14 habibeh mashayekhi-sardoo Bio Environmental Health Hazards Research Center, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran mashayekhih951@mums.ac.ir 00319475328460036207 00319475328460036207 No Atieh Vasegh Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran VaseghA931@mums.ac.ir 00319475328460036208 00319475328460036208 No BiBi Marjan Razavi Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran RazaviMr@mums.ac.ir 00319475328460036209 00319475328460036209 No Mohsen Imenshahidi Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran imenm@mums.ac.ir 00319475328460036210 00319475328460036210 Yes

en Introduction: The study investigates the protective effects of chrysin (CR) on the quality of oocytes and embryos in rats undergoing in vitro fertilization after treatment with cyclophosphamide (CPH).  Methods: In this study, female NMRI mice were divided into five groups: I. control group, II. sham group, III. CPH group (receiving 120 mg/kg.wk of CPH intraperitoneally (IP), IV and V: CR groups receiving 5 and 10 mg/kg. day CR for four weeks. For oocyte induction, ten units of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin were injected IP after the last injection. All mice were then sacrificed by aspiration of their oocytes for further experiments. The growth of embryos was investigated using mature oocytes in vitro. Results: CR significantly increased the number of 2 cells and 4 cells after 24 and 48 hours compared to the CPH group. Groups treated with CR showed a significant increase in the expression level of the BMP-15 and GDF-9 genes in a dose-dependent manner compared to the CPH group. Conclusion: In mice, CR reduced oxidative damage and oocyte cytokine levels in ovarian tissue after CPH-induced degeneration. Chrysin, Cyclophosphamide, Oocyte quality, Oocyte collection 351 362 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2038-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2023/05/162023/11/152023/06/252023/06/132022/05/212023/09/22023/01/282023/07/132023/12/12023/12/42023/03/18 1401/12/27 2024/04/62024/04/22024/02/192024/04/232023/04/112024/02/272024/02/272024/01/312024/04/22024/04/22024/02/27 1402/12/8 Sima Etebari Department of Physiology, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran simetebari@Yahoo.com 00319475328460036211 00319475328460036211 No Mojdeh Gholami Department of Biology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran mojdeh.gh1374166@gmail.com 00319475328460036212 00319475328460036212 No Mohsen Asouri Department of Paramedicine, Amol School of Paramedicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran 00319475328460036213 00319475328460036213 No Mehrab Nasirikenari North Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Amol, Iran 00319475328460036214 00319475328460036214 No Yahya Babaki North Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Amol, Iran 00319475328460036215 00319475328460036215 No Mohammad Reza Momtaz North Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Amol, Iran 00319475328460036216 00319475328460036216 No Ali Asghar Ahmadi North Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Amol, Iran ahmadi.pasteur@gmail.com 00319475328460036217 00319475328460036217 Yes