en jalali 1386 5 1 gregorian 2007 8 1 11 2 online 1 fulltext

en برسی مقالات ارائه شده در کنگره های فیزیولوژی و فارماکولوژی دوره دهم تا هفدهم Assessing the variety and quality of the articles presented in the biennial national congresses of physiology and pharmacology is important to investigators in these fields. Analytic assessment of these presentations are of great use to know the stand points of physiology and pharmacology departments in different universities, and also can be informative for policy makers in higher education nation wide. Methods: In this research we have studied the presentations in the 10th to 17th congresses from different point of views such as general and specified scientific fields, and also the quantity of data production from various departments, universities, and cities. The total number of articles presented in the 10th to 17th congresses was 281, 404, 529, 390, 723, 693, 719, and 687 respectively. Results: This study shows that the city Tehran is a center for productive universities. In addition, the majority of the studies have been systemic and molecular and cellular studies have not still found their expected stand point. Graduate studies seem to be the active generator for research in these fields and need more attention from policy makers. Overall there has been a steady quantitative growth in these presentations. Conclusion: Overall the research activity of Iranian physiologist and pharmacologists could be positively graded but needs great attention to remove the weak points and improve the strong ones. Physiology and Pharmacology congress, Research trend, University, City, Iran 82 90 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-34-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2006/07/17 1385/4/26 2014/05/15 1393/2/25 Farideh Bahrami farideh_bahrami@yahoo.com 0031947532846003074 0031947532846003074 Yes Saeed Semnanian 0031947532846003075 0031947532846003075 No Ali Khoshbaten 0031947532846003076 0031947532846003076 No

en Previous studies have shown that the receptive field properties, spontaneous activity and spatio-temporal interactions of low-threshold mechanical somatosensory cells in the barrel cortex are influenced by C-fibers. In this study, we examined the effect of C-fiber depletion on response properties of barrel cortex neurons following experience dependent plasticity. Methods: In this study, exteracellular single unit recording was performed on 154 barrel cortex neurons in 70 male Wistar rats (38-41days old). For depleting of C-fibers, neonatal rats received an intra-peritoneal injection of capsaicin solution (50 mg/kg) on the first neonatal day. For induction of experience dependent plasticity, all whiskers but D2 on the left muzzle, were plucked from first neonatal day. Neuronal ON and OFF responses were recorded in right barrel cortex following principal whisker (PW) and its caudal adjacent whisker (AW) deflection. Results: Whisker plucking increased PW–evoked ON responses both in capsaicin and vehicle treated rats (all P<0.05). In vehicle treated rats, AW-evoked ON responses were decreased in plucked animals (P< 0.05). Of particular interest, in capsaicin treated rats, AW-evoked ON responses were not decreased in plucked animals. Analyzing OFF responses showed similar result to ON responses. Conclusion: These findings indicate that c-fibers can modulate neuronal response properties following experience dependent plasticity in layer IV of barrel cortex. C-fibers, Experience dependent plasticity, Barrel cortex, Sensory deprivation 91 98 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-69-4&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2006/07/172007/06/24 1386/4/3 2014/05/152014/05/15 1393/2/25 Ali Shamsizadeh 0031947532846003083 0031947532846003083 No Vahid Sheibani vsheibani2@yahoo.com 0031947532846003084 0031947532846003084 Yes Yaghoub Fathollahi 0031947532846003085 0031947532846003085 No Mohammad Javan 0031947532846003086 0031947532846003086 No Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh 0031947532846003087 0031947532846003087 No Mohammad Reza Afarinesh 0031947532846003088 0031947532846003088 No

en Introduction: Development of brain edema following focal cerebral ischemia exacerbates primary ischemic injury. Blood brain barrier (BBB) opening is an important part of edema named as vasogenic brain edema. In this study, quantitative alterations of BBB permeability is experimentally evaluated using transient focal cerebral ischemia in the rat. Methods: Two groups of male rats (ischemic and sham) were anesthetized with chloral hydrate. In the ischemic group, middle cerebral artery (MCA) was occluded for 60 minutes using intraluminal filament method followed by reperfusion, whereas, in the sham group the same procedure, except MCA occlusion, was used. An IV injection of Evans blue (EB) was done 30 minutes after surgery. After 24 hours of reperfusion the neurological deficit score (NDS) was evaluated with a standard test. Then the animal was killed, the brain excised and prepared for quantitative evaluation of BBB permeability by detection of Evans blue (EB) extravasation. Results: The mean of NDS in sham and ischemic groups were 1 and 2.25±0.31 respectively, indicating severe motor disabilities due to cerebral ischemia. In the ischemic group the concentration of EB in the right hemisphere (ischemic) was 12.48±1.94µg/g which was significantly higher than of the left hemisphere (non ischemic 1.44±0.39µg/g) or both hemispheres of the sham group. Furthermore, a direct correlation seems to exist between NDS and EB concentration in both groups. Conclusion: This study is indicating that quantitative detection of Evans blue extravasation technique is capable of measuring the alterations of BBB permeability in cerebral ischemia in the rat. Ischemic brain edema, Evans blue, Blood- brain barrier, rat 99 106 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-125-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2006/07/172007/06/242007/01/18 1385/10/28 2014/05/152014/05/152014/05/15 1393/2/25 Hamdollah Panahpour 0031947532846003089 0031947532846003089 No Ali Akbar Nekooeian 0031947532846003090 0031947532846003090 No Gholam Abbas Dehghani dehghang@sums.ac.ir 0031947532846003091 0031947532846003091 Yes

en Introduction: Pheromones play a great role in the reproductive and social behavior of animals. The main sources of pheromones are urine and paracrine secretions. Through the neuroendocrine system, prolactin is a safe parameter to measure and compare the effects of pheromones on the sexual, maternal and also lactating behavior. Methods: Female rats were divided into 19 groups (n=8). To measure the plasma prolactin levels of rats, blood samples were collected and tested with prolactin RIA kits. Effects of sexual pheromones in the lactating period (3rd, 6th, 9th and 16th days after delivery), pregnancy priod (7th, 14th and 20th days) and lactating period (6th, 9th and 16th post-delivery days) on plasma prolactin level were surveyed. The effects of sexual pheromones on the plasma level of Prolactin were determined using a special cage without any sensory stimulation interferences, such as visual, auditory and tactile senses. Results: Data showed a significant decline in plasma levels of prolactin following sexual pheromones administration (p<0.05). Significant increase in the prolactin plasma level was observed as the female rats were kept with a castrated male rat (p<0.05). During pregnancy period, prolactin level did not show any significant change in the first week of pregnancy with or without present male rat, but it showed a significant increase during the second and third weeks of pregnancy in the presence of male rat (p<0.01). The presence of male rat during the third, sixth and ninth days after delivery causes a significant increase in prolactin level (p<0.01). The females exposed to alien pups showed a significant decline in prolactin level compared those exposed to their own pups (p<0.05), but both groups showed same level of prolactin on the ninth and sixteenth days of delivery. Conclusion: These findings suggest that male sexual pheromones change plasma levels of prolactin in the pregnancy and lactating period and subsequently affect mating reproductive activities of rats. Pheromone, Prolactin, Pregnancy period, Lactating period. 107 114 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-110-129&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2006/07/172007/06/242007/01/182008/01/14 1386/10/24 2014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/15 1393/2/25 Hamideh Eftekhari 0031947532846003092 0031947532846003092 No Ali Haeri Rowhani 0031947532846003093 0031947532846003093 No Vahab Babapour heydar2001@yahoo.com 0031947532846003094 0031947532846003094 Yes Kazem Parivar 0031947532846003095 0031947532846003095 No Gholamhossein Ranjbar Omrani 0031947532846003096 0031947532846003096 No

en There is some evidence supporting the reduced activity of integrins following chronic administration of morphine. This reduction might play a role in morphine tolerance development. Manganese binds to the extracellular domain of integrins and makes them to be activated. The effect of integrins activation using manganese on tolerance development to the analgesic effect of morphine was investigated in this study. Methods: To induce tolerance to analgesic effect of morphine, morphine (15 μg/rat) was injected intrathecally (i.t.) to male adult Wistar rats twice a day for five days. To investigate the effect of manganese, it was injected (20 nmol/rat-i.t.) 15 minutes prior to morphine injections during mentioned period. The analgesic effect of morphine (15 μg/rat) was measured using tail flick test on day 6. Results: The results indicated that in animals which received both manganese and morphine during first 5 days, morphine induced a significant analgesia on day 6. Chronic administration of manganese did not change the pain threshold and morphine induced analgesia. Comparison of morphine analgesia following a single dose of morphine (15 μg/rat) or chronic manganese+morphine, indicated that manganese did not have any effect on the morphine analgesia. Conclusion: Our results showed that, manganese administration prior to morphine is able to prevent morphine tolerance development. It seems that decreased activity of integrins following chronic administration of morphine plays a pivotal role in tolerance development to morphine analgesia. Further investigation needs to determine whether manganese effect is dependent on the integrins role in cell adhesions, or on their intracellular signaling pathways. Morphine, Tolerance, Manganese, Integrins, Lumbar spinal cord, Rat. 115 122 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-3-31&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2006/07/172007/06/242007/01/182008/01/142007/06/22 1386/4/1 2014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/15 1393/2/25 Jamal Ghorbi 0031947532846003097 0031947532846003097 No Mohammad Javan mjavan@modares.ac.ir 0031947532846003098 0031947532846003098 Yes Vahid Sheibani 0031947532846003099 0031947532846003099 No Leila Satarian 0031947532846003100 0031947532846003100 No Amir Zarebkohan 0031947532846003101 0031947532846003101 No

en Introduction: Neurons in layer II and III of the somatosensory cortex in rats show high frequency (33 ± 13 Hz) of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) that their rates and amplitudes are independent of sodium channels. There are some changes in these currents in neurodegenerative and psychological disorders. Regarding to well known roles of the neuromodulatory brain systems in these disorders, study the effects of these systems on the miniature currents provides data to understand more precisely pathogenesis of this disorders. Because cortical neurons receive very dense noradrenergic innervations, we examined effects of noradrenergic system on these currents. Methods: Whole cell patch clamp recordings were made on pyramidal neurons of the barrel cortex from brain slices that continuously superfused with artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF) containing tetrodotoxin, sodium channel blocker and picrotoxin, blocker of the GABA receptors. Results: Application of noradrenalin significantly increased frequency and decreased amplitude of the mEPSCs. Using specific agonists and antagonists of the noradrenergic system, it was determined that the effects are mostly mediated by α1 receptor. Conclusion: Our results showed that noradrenergic system controls sodium channel independent synaptic transmission which can be of importance in regulation and induction of many physiological and pathophysiological conditions. mEPSCs, Noradrenergic, Barrel cortex, Tetrodotoxin, α1 receptor 123 129 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-143-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2006/07/172007/06/242007/01/182008/01/142007/06/222007/03/12 1385/12/21 2014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/15 1393/2/25 Hashem Haghdoost Yazdi hhaghdoost@qums.ac.ir 0031947532846003102 0031947532846003102 Yes Mohamad Reza Esmaili Esmail66@yahoo.com 0031947532846003103 0031947532846003103 No Mohamad Sophiabadi Mo194sophi@yahoo.com 0031947532846003104 0031947532846003104 No Christian Stricker Christian.stricker@anu.edu.au 0031947532846003105 0031947532846003105 No

en Introduction: The activity of Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis is increased following inflammation due to its closed relation with immune system. This axis indicates an increased secretion of ACTH, and corticosterone during acute inflammation while little is known about its activity during chronic inflammation such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study we measured the products of HPA axis and their relation with IL-6 and hyperalgesia during rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: Fourteen Wistar rats were divided in two groups. RA was induced by subcutaneous injection of complete freund’s adjuvant (CFA) to right hind paw of group 1 and the next group was considered as sham control. The levels of ACTH, corticosterone and IL-6 in blood samples were assessed using specific rat ELISA kits on zero, 6th and 21st days. Hyperalgesia was assessed using radiant hit instrument at the same days. Results: The results indicated a significant increase of IL-6 on days 6th and 21st in comparison with day 0. ACTH and corticosterone levels also significantly increased on the 6th day in the RA group in comparison with the control group, but there was no significant increase on the day 21st. Pain threshold was significantly decreased on the 6th day of intervention comparing to the day 0 in the RA group. On the 21st day of intervention, no significant hyperalgesia in the RA group was observed. Conclusion: The activation of HPA axis which is known to respond to IL-6, decreased during RA. ACTH and corticosterone secretion were not modulated during chronic inflammation in this study. On the other hand, long term RA symptoms such as hyperalgesia can be due to the effect of other modulators and independent on HPA axis and immune system. Rheumatoid arthritis, HPA axis, Immune system, Complete freund’s adjuvant, Rat 130 136 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-65-37&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2006/07/172007/06/242007/01/182008/01/142007/06/222007/03/122007/03/10 1385/12/19 2014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/15 1393/2/25 Jala Zaringhalam hmanaheji@yahoo.com 0031947532846003170 0031947532846003170 Yes Homa Manaheji hmanaheji@yahoo.com 0031947532846003171 0031947532846003171 No Nader Maghsoodi 0031947532846003172 0031947532846003172 No Babak Farokhi 0031947532846003173 0031947532846003173 No Vahideh Mirzaee 0031947532846003174 0031947532846003174 No

en Introduction: The activity of Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis is increased following inflammation due to its closed relation with immune system. This axis indicates an increased secretion of ACTH, and corticosterone during acute inflammation while little is known about its activity during chronic inflammation such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study we measured the products of HPA axis and their relation with IL-6 and hyperalgesia during rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: Fourteen Wistar rats were divided in two groups. RA was induced by subcutaneous injection of complete freund’s adjuvant (CFA) to right hind paw of group 1 and the next group was considered as sham control. The levels of ACTH, corticosterone and IL-6 in blood samples were assessed using specific rat ELISA kits on zero, 6th and 21st days. Hyperalgesia was assessed using radiant hit instrument at the same days. Results: The results indicated a significant increase of IL-6 on days 6th and 21st in comparison with day 0. ACTH and corticosterone levels also significantly increased on the 6th day in the RA group in comparison with the control group, but there was no significant increase on the day 21st. Pain threshold was significantly decreased on the 6th day of intervention comparing to the day 0 in the RA group. On the 21st day of intervention, no significant hyperalgesia in the RA group was observed. Conclusion: The activation of HPA axis which is known to respond to IL-6, decreased during RA. ACTH and corticosterone secretion were not modulated during chronic inflammation in this study. On the other hand, long term RA symptoms such as hyperalgesia can be due to the effect of other modulators and independent on HPA axis and immune system. Rheumatoid arthritis, HPA axis, Immune system, Complete freund’s adjuvant, Rat 130 136 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-65-36&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2006/07/172007/06/242007/01/182008/01/142007/06/222007/03/122007/03/102007/03/10 1385/12/19 2014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/15 1393/2/25

en Introduction: The activity of Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis is increased following inflammation due to its closed relation with immune system. This axis indicates an increased secretion of ACTH, and corticosterone during acute inflammation while little is known about its activity during chronic inflammation such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study we measured the products of HPA axis and their relation with IL-6 and hyperalgesia during rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: Fourteen Wistar rats were divided in two groups. RA was induced by subcutaneous injection of complete freund’s adjuvant (CFA) to right hind paw of group 1 and the next group was considered as sham control. The levels of ACTH, corticosterone and IL-6 in blood samples were assessed using specific rat ELISA kits on zero, 6th and 21st days. Hyperalgesia was assessed using radiant hit instrument at the same days. Results: The results indicated a significant increase of IL-6 on days 6th and 21st in comparison with day 0. ACTH and corticosterone levels also significantly increased on the 6th day in the RA group in comparison with the control group, but there was no significant increase on the day 21st. Pain threshold was significantly decreased on the 6th day of intervention comparing to the day 0 in the RA group. On the 21st day of intervention, no significant hyperalgesia in the RA group was observed. Conclusion: The activation of HPA axis which is known to respond to IL-6, decreased during RA. ACTH and corticosterone secretion were not modulated during chronic inflammation in this study. On the other hand, long term RA symptoms such as hyperalgesia can be due to the effect of other modulators and independent on HPA axis and immune system. Rheumatoid arthritis, HPA axis, Immune system, Complete freund’s adjuvant, Rat 130 136 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-65-38&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2006/07/172007/06/242007/01/182008/01/142007/06/222007/03/122007/03/102007/03/102007/01/27 1385/11/7 2014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/15 1393/2/25

en Introduction: Previous studies have been shown that low frequency stimulation (LFS) has an inhibitory effect on kindling acquisition. However, the mechanism of this effect has not been completely determined. In the present study, the effect of LFS of the perforant path on seizures induced by rapid perforant path kindling was investigated. Methods: Animals were kindled by electrical stimulation of perforant path. One group of animals (n=6) received LFS (0.1 ms pulses at 1 Hz, 200 pulse, and 50-150 µA) after termination of each kindling stimulations. In control groups, animals received only kindling stimulations (n=8) or LFS (n=4). Basal field potential recording and paired pulse stimulations were done before kindling stimulations every days. Results: Application of LFS significantly retarded the kindling acquisition and increased the number of stimulations to achieve different seizure stages [F(4,60)=10.9, P<0.0001]. LFS also prevented increment of slope of field excitatory postsynaptic potentials and population spike amplitude during kindling (P<0.001) (There was %88.6±1.7 increment in fEPSP and %94±2.3 increment in PS in kindled group and %3.5±.05 increment in fEPSP and %12.3±0.1 decrease in PS in kindled+LFS group). In addition, LFS prevented the marked increase in early (10-50 ms intervals) and late (300-1000 ms intervals) paired pulse depression induced by kindling significantly (P<0.01). Conclusion: According to obtained results, it may be suggested that LFS of perforant path has a significant antiepileptogenic effect on perforant path kindled seizures through inhibition of synaptic transmission in dentate gyrus. Meanwhile, LFS prevents compensatory increase in the paired pulse depression during kindling acquisition. Kindling, Low frequency stimulation, Dentate gyrus, Perforant path, Seizure 137 145 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-51-5&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2006/07/172007/06/242007/01/182008/01/142007/06/222007/03/122007/03/102007/03/102007/01/272007/03/14 1385/12/23 2014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/15 1393/2/25 Mohammad Mohammad-Zadeh 0031947532846003175 0031947532846003175 No Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh mirnajaf@modares.ac.ir 0031947532846003176 0031947532846003176 Yes Yaghoub Fathollahi 0031947532846003177 0031947532846003177 No Mohammad Javan 0031947532846003178 0031947532846003178 No Parviz Ghorbani 0031947532846003179 0031947532846003179 No

en Introduction: Aluminum is known as a neurotoxic element which causes neurodegeneration, learning deduction and movement disorders. Aluminum ions in the brain cause serious problems such as Alzheimer, Parkinson and other degenerative diseases. On the other hand, Zinc is a dietary element essential for several biological processes, modulates neurotransmission in brain regions and associates with cognition. Apoptosis plays a role in many neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Imbalances of this metal, either excess or deficiency, can result in neuronal apoptosis. Here we have studied the effect of their co-administration on memory and motor activity. Methods: Zinc chloride (30 mg/kg/day) and aluminum chloride (600 mg/kg/day) were co-administered in drinking water of male rats for two weeks. Two criteria were assessed in behavioral tests: latency to enter and time spent in dark. Motor resistance and coordination were evaluated in movement studies. Results: Experiments showed that following 2 weeks co-administration of ZnCl2 (30 mg/kg/day) and AlCl3 (600 mg/kg/day), passive avoidance memory and motor coordination have been improved (P<0.001). Conclusion: Results suggest that zinc chloride consumption with (30 mg/kg/day) dose, could have a significant effect on memory and motor coordination and could prevent the negative effect of AlCl3 on learning, memory and motor activity. Different mechanisms such as modulation of NMDA receptors and modulation of the entry of aluminum into the brain may be potentially involved in the observed effect of zinc.. Zinc chloride, Aluminum chloride, Shuttle box, Rotarod, Rat. 146 152 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-110-130&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2006/07/172007/06/242007/01/182008/01/142007/06/222007/03/122007/03/102007/03/102007/01/272007/03/142008/01/14 1386/10/24 2014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/15 1393/2/25 Zohreh Ghotbeddin ghotbeddiny2005@yahoo.com 0031947532846003180 0031947532846003180 Yes Ahmad Ali Moazedi 0031947532846003181 0031947532846003181 No Gholam Ali Parham 0031947532846003182 0031947532846003182 No

en Based on the extensive application of Peganum harmala (P.h) seeds in the Asian traditional medicine, we tried to investigate its possible anxiety effect. Method: The effect of P.h. extract inhalation was evaluated in adult male rats using elevated plus-maze apparatus. The humidity of prepared ethanol extract was 37%. Animals in different groups (n=6) received 2, 4, 6, 12 or 18 gr/ml doses of the extract using Nebulizer. harmaline drug (0.13 gr/ml) was used as positive control drug. Results: Compared with saline treated group, harmaline as the positive control significantly caused fear in rats as it was shown by increased time spent in closed arm of plus-maze (p< 0.05). Also, ethanol extract of P.h was able to show anxiety effect at doses 6, 12 and 18 mg/ml (p <0.05). Conclusion: Our data showed effective anxiety effect of ethanol extract of Peganum harmala. Its effect should be considered in the context of its extensive usage in the men daily life. More studies are required to elucidate its mechanism and site of action. Peganum harmala, Fear, Harmaline, Inhalation, Elevated Plus-Maze 153 159 http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-97-3&slc_lang=en&sid=1 2006/07/172007/06/242007/01/182008/01/142007/06/222007/03/122007/03/102007/03/102007/01/272007/03/142008/01/142006/10/14 1385/7/22 2014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/15 1393/2/25 Vaezi Gholamhasan 0031947532846003186 0031947532846003186 Yes Shahrbanoo Oryan 0031947532846003187 0031947532846003187 No Masoud Fereidoni 0031947532846003188 0031947532846003188 No Leila Etemadi 0031947532846003189 0031947532846003189 No Fereshte Manafi 0031947532846003190 0031947532846003190 No