en
jalali
1389
10
1
gregorian
2011
1
1
14
4
online
1
fulltext
en
Electrophysiological and Histological Study of Lysolecithin-Induced Local Demyelination in Adult Mice Optic Chiasm
Introduction: Demyelination is one of the main causes of neurological disability. It is the end product of numerous
pathological processes, multiple sclerosis (MS) being the most common cause. More than 70% of the MS patients suffer
from optic disturbances. This disease commonly affects the optic pathway, particularly the optic nerves and chiasm.
Several attempts have been made to produce a suitable model of demyelination in optic apparatus up to now.
Methods: Local demyelination model was generated using direct injection of lysolecithin (LPC) into the optic
chiasm of C57/BLJ6 mice without any undesirable distributions of gliotoxin into other brain structures. Histological and
electrophysiological assessments of the processes of demyelination and remyelination in the animal model were done
with specific myelin staining and visual evoked potential (VEP) recordings.
Results: In this study, both electrophysiological and histological results demonstrated that maximum level of
demyelination was observed on day 7 post lesion and an incomplete yet significant remyelination took place on day 14
post lesion.
Conclusion: Results showed a relatively rapid endogenous myelin repair in mice optic chiasm. Furthermore, this
report might offer a new tool to address possible involvement of new origins of myelin-forming cells and subsequently
their manipulation to promote myelin repair in the adult central nervous system.
Lysolecithin, Demyelination, Myelin repair, Optic chiasm, Visual evoked potential (VEP), Mouse
324
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http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-448-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2010/05/8
1389/2/18
2014/05/15
1393/2/25
Fereshteh
Pourabdolhossein
physiology department, Tarbiat Modares university
pourabdolhossein@gmail.com
0031947532846008243
0031947532846008243
No
Sabah
Mozafari
physiology department, Tarbiat Modares university
sabahmozafari@gmail.com
0031947532846008244
0031947532846008244
No
Mohammad
Javan
physiology department, Tarbiat Modares university
mjavan@modares.ac.ir
0031947532846008245
0031947532846008245
Yes
Sied Javad
Mirnajafizadeh
physiology department, Tarbiat Modares university
MIRNAJAF@modares.ac.ir
0031947532846008246
0031947532846008246
No
Abolhassan
Ahmadiani
Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
0031947532846008247
0031947532846008247
No
en
Postnatal developmental alterations in the locus coeruleus neuronal fast excitatory postsynaptic currents mediated by ionotropic glutamate receptors of rat
Introduction: In the present work, spontaneous postsynaptic currents were assessed to investigate the postnatal
development of excitatory postsynaptic currents in locus coeruleus neurons.
Methods: In this study, AMPA and NMDA receptor-mediated spontaneous synaptic currents in the neurons of locus
coeruleus were assessed using whole cell voltage-clamp recording during the first three weeks.
Results: The frequency and amplitude of NMDA sEPSCs and the frequency of AMPA sEPSCs were increased in
the second and third postnatal weeks compared with these parameters recorded in the first postnatal week. However, the
ratio of the AMPA to NMDA current frequency and amplitude was constant until the 3rd postnatal week.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that a vast majority of nascent glutamatergic synapses express both functional
AMPA and NMDA receptors in the postnatal locus coeruleus, so that AMPA/NMDA sEPSCs remained constant during
this period.
locus coeruleus, AMPA/NMDA sEPSCs, development
338
348
http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-95-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2010/05/82010/04/19
1389/1/30
2014/05/152014/05/15
1393/2/25
Masoumeh
Kourosh Arami
masoomeh_k@hotmail.com
0031947532846008250
0031947532846008250
No
Saeed
Semnanian
ssemnan@modares.ac.ir
0031947532846008251
0031947532846008251
Yes
Mohammad
Javan
mjavan@modares.ac.ir
0031947532846008252
0031947532846008252
No
Sohrab
Hajizadeh
Hajizads@modares.ac.ir
0031947532846008253
0031947532846008253
No
Abdolrahman
Sarihi
asarihi@yahoo.com
0031947532846008254
0031947532846008254
No
en
Existence of a delayed rectifier K+ current in the membrane of human embryonic stem cel
Introduction: Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are pluripotent cells that can proliferate and differentiate to
many cell types. Their electrophysiological properties have not yet been chracterzed. In this study, the passive
properties (such as resting membrane potential, input resistance and capacitance) and the contribution of delayed
rectifier K+ channel currents to the membrane conductance of hESCs was investigated.
Methods: hESC (Royan H6 line) was used in this study. Cells were cultured with feeder free culture method. To
study the electrophysiological properties of these cells, we used whole cell patch clamp technique in a voltage clamp
mode. Ionic currents were recorded by stimulating the cells with depolarizing steps from -90 mV to +50 mV. For
pharmacological determination of these currents, potassium channel blockers such as tetraethyl ammonium (TEA a
delayed rectifier K+ channel blocker) and 4-aminopyridine (4-AP as an A-type K+ channel blocker) were used.
Results: The resting membrane potential of hESCs was -8.66± 0.87 mV, the input resistance was 11.943 ± 0.23 MΩ
and the membrane capacitance was 1.46 ± 0.55 nF. In voltage clamp experiments, some outward currents were recorded
in hESCs that were progressively increased with positive voltages. These outward currents were inhibited by TEA but
not 4-AP. These channels did not show inactivation and their current were recorded from -60 mV. The mean
conductance of these channels was 11.81 ± 0.45 pS at -60 mV and 141.4 ± 10.97 pS at +50 mV. There were no inward
currents in hESCc.
These data show that hESCs have special electrophysiological properties. There are voltage dependent delayed rectifier K+ currents in these cells that are sensitive to TEA but not 4-AP.
349
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2010/05/82010/04/192010/06/14
1389/3/24
2014/05/152014/05/152014/05/15
1393/2/25
Sahar
Kiani
Dept of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, PO ?Box: 14115-331, Iran
skiani@modares.ac.ir
0031947532846008225
0031947532846008225
No
Javad
Mirnajafi-Zadeh
Dept of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, PO ?Box: 14115-331, Iran
mirnajaf@modares.ac.ir
0031947532846008226
0031947532846008226
Yes
Ebrahim
Shahbazi
Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology
0031947532846008227
0031947532846008227
No
Hossein
Baharvand
Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology
Baharvand@RoyanInstitute.org
0031947532846008228
0031947532846008228
No
en
Concentration dependent effect of morphine, aspirin, capsaicin and chili pepper hydro alcoholic extract on thermal and chemical pain model in fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
Introduction: Pain research using animal models is related to ethical concerns, so invertebrates and insects have
been recommended by researchers. In the present study, the nociceptive and antinociceptive effects of capsaicin,
aspirin, morphine and chili extract were examined using fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) as an alternative for rodent
pain model.
Methods: Stage 3 of larvae and adult state of Drosophila were used. Threshold and maximum reactions were
recorded in thermal nociception (using Hot plate) and chemical nociception (Writhing test) at various concentration of
acetic acid, capsaicin and chili hydro alcoholic extract. Rolling movement responses were recorded in separate groups
(n=7). In adult Drosophila, latency for heat tolerance on hot plate was recorded (n=10), and the effect of morphine and
aspirin at different concentrations on pain were examined.
Results: Increasing the temperature, acetic acid, capsaicin and chili extract concentration, attenuated the rolling
movement in larvae. In adult drosophila, increasing the temperature, diminished tolerance latency on hot plate. In this
animal model, increasing the morphine and aspirin concentration diminished responses to pain stimulus.
Conclusion: According to our results, it can be suggested that Drosophila melanogaster can be used as a model for
investigation on pain physiology and antinoiciception. Painless channel (closest vertebrate homolog of TRAP1 channel)
maybe required for thermal and chemical nociception in drosophila. Similar to mammals, treatment with morphine and
aspirin may exert these effects through Gi and cox2 respectively.
Drosophila, larvae, pain, morphine, Aspirin
358
371
http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-124-4&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2010/05/82010/04/192010/06/142010/06/7
1389/3/17
2014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/15
1393/2/25
Malihe
Ekandari
Department of biology, faculty of sceinces, ferdowsi university of mashhad
mali.eskandari@yahoo.com
0031947532846008229
0031947532846008229
No
Masoud
Fereidoni
Department of biology, faculty of sceinces, ferdowsi university of mashhad
fereidoni@yahoo.com
0031947532846008230
0031947532846008230
Yes
Ali
Moghimi
Department of biology, faculty of sceinces, ferdowsi university of mashhad
moghimi@UM.AC.IR
0031947532846008231
0031947532846008231
No
en
Effects of Combination of Intravenous Anesthetic Agents on Human Glycine Receptor evaluated by Artificial Neural Networks
Introduction: Intravenous general anesthetic agents are among the most important and widely used anesthetic drugs
in the clinical practice. Many pharmacological studies have shown that potentiation of GABA and glycine on their
receptors is the most plausible mechanism. Nevertheless, there is limited information on the effects of co-administration
of two or more of these agents. However, experimental models for investigation of optimized drug combinations to
have maximum effects on the receptors, have certain limitations and are both time consuming and expensive. One
method to optimize drug combinations is the use of artificial neural network, in which the response optimization is
performed by using experimental results.
Methods: In this research, artificial neural network has been used to model a function with seven input and one
output variants. Each input variant represents one of the intravenous general anesthetics including thiopentone,
methohexitone, pentobarbitone, propofol, etomidate, saffan and ketamine and the output variant is the effectiveness of
these drugs on glycine receptors.
Results: Results of the present study show that maximum potentiation of the tested drugs on glycine receptor are
around 1500%, which can be achieved under certain drug concentrations, while maximum potentiation that has been
obtained in experimental models by combination of propofol or saffan and by combination of thiopentone and
pentobarbitone has been around 600% and 640%, respectively.
Conclusion: In order to evaluate and validate the calculated results, experiments are recommended to be performed
with the proposed combinations and concentrations.
Artificial neural network, optimization, intravenous anesthetic drugs
372
379
http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-344-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2010/05/82010/04/192010/06/142010/06/72010/05/2
1389/2/12
2014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/15
1393/2/25
Farshid
Jandaghi Alaee
Assistant Prof
farshidja@yahoo.com
0031947532846008248
0031947532846008248
No
Mahsa
Hadipour Jahromy
Assistant Prof
Jahromymh@yahoo.com
0031947532846008249
0031947532846008249
Yes
en
Comparison between the effects of L-Carnitine and Acetyl-L-Carnitine on myocardial infarction size in ischemic heart
Introduction: In the present study, potential differences between the effects of L-carnitine (LC) and acetyl-Lcarnitine
(ALC) on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced myocardial infarction size were investigated.
Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups and then anesthetized by sodium pentobarbital.
Hearts of the animals were removed and quickly mounted on a Langendorff apparatus and perfused under constant
pressure by a modified Krebs-Henseleit (K/H) solution. The hearts were perfused during 30 min regional ischemia
followed by 120 min reperfusion by normal K/H solution (as control) or enriched solution with 1.5 and 3 mM LC
(groups 2 and 3) or ALC (groups 4 and 5). At the end of the reperfusion cycle, 0.25 % evans blue solution was infused
to stain the non-ischemic area, then the hearts were cut into slices and incubated by triphenyltetrazolium chloride
solution and fixed by formalin. The infarction size was determined by using a computerized planimetry package.
Results: The infarct size after perfusion of isolated hearts with 1.5 (26±4.5%) and 3 mM LC (20±4 %) showed a
significant reduction compared to the control value (45.6±3.4 %, P<0.01 and P<0.001, respectively). The same
concentrations of ALC significantly lowered myocardial infarction size to 23.8±4 % (P<0.01) and 15.8±2.9 %
(P0.05). Among the potential protective mechanisms of the
agents, increase of glucose oxidation, reduction of lactate production, toxic fatty acid metabolites and removing free
radicals from the myocytes seem to be more relevant.
Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated the protective effects of LC and ALC against I/R injuries by
reduction of infarct size in isolated rat hearts without any important difference between the agents.
L-carnitine, Acetyl-L-carnitine, Infarction size, Isolated heart, Rat
380
388
http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-168-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2010/05/82010/04/192010/06/142010/06/72010/05/22010/05/29
1389/3/8
2014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/15
1393/2/25
Moslem
Najafi
School of Pharmacy
najafimoslem@yahoo.com
0031947532846008232
0031947532846008232
Yes
Saba
Ghaffary
School of Pharmacy
saba_gh_64@yahoo.com
0031947532846008233
0031947532846008233
No
Elnaz
Shaseb
School of Pharmacy
elnaz_shaseb_64@yahoo.com
0031947532846008234
0031947532846008234
No
Tahereh
Eteraf Oskouei
School of Medicine
eteraf_t@yahoo.com
0031947532846008235
0031947532846008235
No
en
Increased synaptic activity in magnocellular neurons of supraoptic nucleus and plasma vasopressin levels due to acute administration of morphine in male rats
Introduction: The magnocellular neurons (MCNs) of the supraoptic nucleus (SON) play a crucial role in control of
physiological and pathophysiologiccal condition due to two peptides that they synthesize, i.e. Oxytocin (OXT) and
Vasopressin (AVP). The activity of MCNs is regulated by a variety of excitatory and inhibitory inputs. Opioid receptors
are one of the important receptors in SON synapses. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of acute
morphine application on SON synapses and AVP release in rats.
Methods: In this study, whole cell patch clamp recording of neurons in rat (70-100 g, 3–4 weeks old) brain slice
preparations consisting of SON was used to investigate the effect acute of lowest effective dose of morphine (25μM)
administration on spontaneous inhibitory and excitatory post synaptic currents (sIPSCs and sEPSCs) in MCNs. Also,
AVP levels were measured in blood samples of rats using ELISA technique after the Morphine injection (30 mg/kg, ip).
Results: Bath application of morphine produced an increase in sEPSCs and a decrease in sIPSCs frequencies.
Measurement of plasma AVP revealed an increase in hormone levels 45 min after systemic administration of morphine.
P-values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Conclusion: It is suggested that acute administration of morphine stimulates the MCNs and AVP secretion.
Supraoptic nucleus, Morphine, synaptic transmission, AVP
389
396
http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-467-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2010/05/82010/04/192010/06/142010/06/72010/05/22010/05/292010/09/6
1389/6/15
2014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/15
1393/2/25
Mitra
Yousefpour
shahid beheshti university of medical science, neuroscience research center
yousefpour.mi@gmail.com
0031947532846008647
0031947532846008647
No
Nima
Naderi
shahid beheshti university of medical science, neuroscience research center
naderi_nima@yahoo.com
0031947532846008648
0031947532846008648
No
Mahyar
Janahmadi
Dept. Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
0031947532846008649
0031947532846008649
No
Amir Mohammad
Alizadeh
shahid beheshti university of medical science, neuroscience research center
amir.m.alizade@gmail.com
0031947532846008650
0031947532846008650
No
Fereshteh
Motamedi
shahid beheshti university of medical science, neuroscience research center
motamedi@ams.ac.ir
0031947532846008651
0031947532846008651
Yes
en
Microinfusion of TNFα and its antibody into locus coeruleus modifies nerve injury induced thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia
Introduction: Glial activation and secretion of cytokines at the spinal level is known as part of chronic pain
pathogenesis. Although changes in TNFα at the supraspinal level are reported during chronic pain, its exact role and site
of action remain to be elucidated. We investigated the effect of microinfusion of TNFα into the LC in a rat model of
neuropathic pain.
Methods: Male Wistar rats were cannulated in the LC. The cannula was connected to an Alzet mini-osmotic pump,
which was filled by the drug (vehicle, TNFα or TNFα-antibody) and placed subcutaneously behind the neck. Twenty
four-48 hours after cannulation, a chronic constriction injury (CCI) surgery was performed on the contralateral sciatic
nerve. Hyperalgesia and allodynia symptoms were assessed 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 days after CCI.
Results: Microinfusion of TNFα (100ng/day) into the LC significantly exacerbated the hyperalgesia in rat models of
neuropathic pain on days 2 and 8 after CCI. On the other hand, microinfusion of TNFα antibody (250ng/day) decreased
the symptoms of hyperalgesia on days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 14. TNFα antibody also significantly alleviated the CCIinduced
allodynia.
Conclusion: These data suggest that alterations of TNFα levels in the LC play a crucial role in the development and
maintenance of neuropathic pain.
Neuropathic Pain, TNFα, Allodynia, Hyperalgesia
397
405
http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-449-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2010/05/82010/04/192010/06/142010/06/72010/05/22010/05/292010/09/62010/05/24
1389/3/3
2014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/15
1393/2/25
Kambiz
Rohampour
Dept of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
krohampour@yahoo.com
0031947532846008239
0031947532846008239
No
Homa
Manaheji
Dept of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
hshardimanaheji@yahoo.com
0031947532846008240
0031947532846008240
No
Saeed
Semnanian
Dept of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
ssemnan@modares.ac.ir
0031947532846008241
0031947532846008241
Yes
Hossein
Azizi
Dept of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
azizihf@yahoo.com
0031947532846008242
0031947532846008242
No
en
Protective effect of pharmacologic postconditioning with Natural Honey against left ventricular ischemia/reperfusion-induced arrhythmias in isolated heart of rat
Introduction: This study was aimed to investigate the effects of postconditioning by natural honey on cardiac
arrhythmias in the ischemic isolated rat heart.
Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups then anesthetized by sodium pentobarbital. The animal
hearts were removed and quickly mounted on a Langendorff apparatus and perfused under constant pressure by a
modified Krebs-Henseleit (K/H) solution that was previously equilibrated with 95% O2–5% CO2. The hearts were
subjected to 30 min regional ischemia followed by 30 min reperfusion. In the control group, the hearts perfused by
normal K/H solution, however in the postconditioning groups, they were perfused with natural honey (0.25, 0.5 and
1%) enriched K/H solution from 10 min before to 10 min after reperfusion. The ECGs were analyzed to determine the
total number of ventricular ectopic beats (VEBs), ventricular tachycardia (VT), the incidence and duration of VT and
ventricular fibrillation (VF) during last 10 min of ischemia and the first 30 min of reperfusion.
Results: During ischemia, honey (0.25, 0.5 and 1%) produced significant reduction in the number of VEBs and
number, duration and incidence of VT (P<0.01). The incidence and time spent in VF were lowered by honey compared
to the control group (P<0.05). During reperfusion time, all used concentrations of honey significantly reduced the
number of VEBs (P<0.05). In addition, honey (0.5 and 1%) decreased the number and duration of VT (P<0.01 and
P<0.05, respectively). Moreover, VF duration was lowered by perfusion of honey (0.25 and 0.5 %) versus the control
group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The results showed protective effects of postconditioning by honey against ischemia-reperfusion
injuries as anti-arrhythmic activities. Probably, antioxidant activity of honey, by scavenging of free radicals, and the
presence of important energy sources such as glucose and fructose by improvement of cardiac function may involve in
these protective effects.
Natural honey, Postconditioning, Arrhythmia, Isolated heart
406
415
http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-168-3&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2010/05/82010/04/192010/06/142010/06/72010/05/22010/05/292010/09/62010/05/242010/07/8
1389/4/17
2014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/15
1393/2/25
Moslem
Najafi
Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
najafimoslem@yahoo.com
0031947532846008236
0031947532846008236
Yes
Afshin
Gharakhani
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
anqarekhani@yahoo.com
0031947532846008237
0031947532846008237
No
Tahereh
Eteraf Oskouei
Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
eteraf_t@yahoo.com
0031947532846008238
0031947532846008238
No
en
The Effect of Estrogen on Passive Avoidence Memory in an Experimental Model of Alzheimer`s disease in Male Rats
Introduction: Estrogen is one of the gonadal hormones that has multiple beneficial actions in central nervous
system and involves in learning and memory. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that
impairs patient memory. The human nucleus basalis of Meynert (nBM) is severely affected in Alzheimer's disease. So
in this study the effect of peripheral (intramuscular) injection of estradiol banzoate on passive avoidance memory was
investigated in adult male wistar rats.
Methods: nBM bilateral electrical lesion rats were divided in to control, lesion, sham (lesion+ 0.2ml sesame oil) and
estradiol treatment (lesion+ 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2 mg/kg). After injection estradiol or sesame oil (vehicle) each rat was
trained by shuttle box one week. In this study two factors, latency in entering dark chamber and time spending in the
dark chamber was considered.
Results: Statistical analysis showed that nBM bilateral lesion decrease the passive avoidance memory (P<0.01).
Injection 0.2mg/kg estradiol does not improve memory. While injection 0.4 and 0.8mg/kg estradiol have improved
memory (p<0.05, p<0.01). But injection 1.2 mg/kg estradiol does not have distinctive effect on passive avoidance
memory.
Conclusion: Estradiol benzoate affects passive avoidance memory in a dose dependent manner. It seems that
estrogen improve memory through an interaction with cholinergic system via genomic and non-genomic mechanisms.
nBM, Alzheimer`s disease, Estrogen, Shuttle box, Memory
416
425
http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-447-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2010/05/82010/04/192010/06/142010/06/72010/05/22010/05/292010/09/62010/05/242010/07/82010/07/15
1389/4/24
2014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/15
1393/2/25
Ahmad ali
Moazedi
moazedi_a@yahoo.com
0031947532846008215
0031947532846008215
Yes
Marzieh
Moosavi
chinipardaz_r@scu.ac.ir
0031947532846008216
0031947532846008216
No
Rahim
Chinipardaz
moosavimarzieh88@yahoo.com
0031947532846008217
0031947532846008217
No
en
Effect of Folic Acid on serum Leptin, Grehlin concentration, and feed intake in male Wistar rats
Introduction: There is no comprehensive study on the effect of Folate on food intake therefore the present study
was carried out to determine the effect of Folate supplementation on serum concentrations of Leptin and Grehlin and
food intake in male Wistar rats.
Methods: The study was carried out for 42 days during which the animals were weighed weekly their food and
water intakes were measured every 48 hours. Serum leptin, ghrelin and insulin were measured using ELISA. Repeated
Measures and t-test were done to analyze the data.
Results: The amount of water intake in the case group was significantly (p<0.05) higher that the control group, food
intake was also higher in the group receiving folate as compared to the control although it did not reach the significance
level. The Body weight of the rats receiving the supplement were significantly (p<0.001) higher than the control group.
The experimental group had higher serum leptin and lower serum ghrelin levels although not significantly. Serum
insulin level was significantly higher in the experimental group (p<0.001). A significant correlation was found between
Water and food intake (r=0.9, p<0.001), and between body weight and the food intake (r=0.6, p<0.001). There was a
significant correlation between serum insulin level with food intake (r=0.6, p< 0.001) and body weight (r=0.36,
p=0.05).
Conclusion: Daily folate supplementation for a long period increased body growth and food intake in weaning rats.
Since serum ghrelin level was also higher, it is possible that increased weight was related to the other body tissues,
rather than adipose tissue.
Folic acid, Leptin, Grehlin, food intake, Wistar rats
426
434
http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-462-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2010/05/82010/04/192010/06/142010/06/72010/05/22010/05/292010/09/62010/05/242010/07/82010/07/152010/08/11
1389/5/20
2014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/152014/05/15
1393/2/25
Mansoor
Rezaei
rezaei.mansour@yahoo.com
0031947532846008255
0031947532846008255
No
Masoumeh
Sabetkasaei
fkasaie@yahoo.com
0031947532846008256
0031947532846008256
Yes
Naser
Kalantari
nkalantari1334@gmail.com
0031947532846008257
0031947532846008257
No
Mahdi
Hedayati
hedayati@endocrine.ac.ir
0031947532846008258
0031947532846008258
No
Alireza
Abadi
alirezaabadi@gmail.com
0031947532846008259
0031947532846008259
No
Nasrin
Omidvar
nomidvar@yahoo.com
0031947532846008260
0031947532846008260
No
en
Role of L-NAME, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, in the improvement of morphine-induced amnesia induced by nicotine
Introduction: Drugs of abuse such as nicotine and morphine used systemically by addicts produce their effects via
the mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway. Furthermore, evidence indicates that some behavioral effects of nicotine and
morphine are mediated by nitric oxide (NO). Based on these observations, the aim of the present study was to
investigate the effects of intra-nucleus accumbens (NAc) injection of a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, L-NAME,
on the nicotine’s effect on the morphine-induced amnesia.
Methods: As a model of memory assessment, a step-through type passive avoidance task was used. All animals
were bilaterally implanted with a chronic cannulae in the NAc shell and trained by using a 1 mA foot shock. Animals
were tested 24 h after training to measure step-through latency.
Results: Post-training injection of morphine impaired memory performance on the test day. Pre-test administration
of the same doses of morphine reversed amnesia induced by post-training administration of morphine. Moreover,
administration of nicotine before the test prevented morphine amnesia. Impairment of memory because of post-training
injection of morphine was also prevented by pretest administration of L-NAME. Co-administration of an ineffective
dose of nicotine with ineffective doses of L-NAME synergistically improved memory that was impaired by morphine.
On the other hand, pre-test intra-NAc injection of L-NAME impaired passive avoidance memory by itself.
Conclusion: Considering the effects of pre-test intra-NAc injection of L-NAME alone or in combination with
ineffective dose of nicotine on morphine amnesia, it may be concluded that nitric oxide system of nucleus accumbens
has an important role in the improvement of morphine-induced amnesia and morphine state-dependent memory caused
by nicotine.
L-NAME, Nicotine, Nucleus accumbens, morphine amnesia, Rat
435
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Morteza
Piri
Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Branch, Ardabil, Iran
biopiri@yahoo.com
0031947532846008652
0031947532846008652
Yes
Maryam-Sadat
Shahin
Young Researchers Cloob, Islamic Azad University- Shahr-e-rey branch,Tehran,Iran
shahin_maryam@yahoo.com
0031947532846008653
0031947532846008653
No
Mohamade
Nasehi
Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar branch, Garmsar, Iran
mo58na@yahoo.com
0031947532846008654
0031947532846008654
No
Mohamd reza
Zarrindast
Department of Pharmacology , School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
zarinmr@ams.ac.ir
0031947532846008655
0031947532846008655
No
en
Comparison of Acute Hormonal Responses between Resistance, Endurance and Endurance-Resistance Exercise in Healthy Young Men
Introduction: This research was aimed at examining acute responses of hormones such as growth hormone (GH),
total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (FT), free fatty acid (FFA) and cortisol to resistance (R), endurance (E) and
endurance-resistance (ER) exercise.
Methods: The participants of this study were 10 healthy young men. R protocol included bench press, lateral pull
down, leg extension and leg curl. E protocol comprised of 30 minutes pedaling by cycle ergometer at 70% maximum
heart rate. In the ER protocol, the participants first went through the E protocol and after an interval of 15 minutes they
performed the R protocol. In the control group they did not do any exercise. Blood samples were collected before,
immediately after and 15 minutes after exercise.
Results: Results indicated that GH and FT were significantly increased after all 3 protocols (P<0.05). TT and FFA
were significantly increased after R and E protocols, respectively (P<0.05). Comparison between groups indicated a
significant difference between GH and FT. Cortisol was significantly decreased in the E and ER protocols and the
control group (P<0.05) but it did not have a significant decrease in the R protocol.
Conclusion: The E and ER protocols can increase GH with lower lactate and cortisol production, while the R
protocol provides better anabolic environment for development and hypertrophy of muscle fiber because of higher
stress, metabolic and hormonal responses. The increase of FFA after the E protocol was probably the cause of reduction
of GH and TT secretion in the ER protocol.
Resistance, Endurance Exercise, Growth Hormone, Cortisol, Free Testosterone, Total Testosterone
445
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Shoeib
Rezaee
physical therapist
shoeib_rez@yahoo.com
0031947532846008212
0031947532846008212
No
Sedighe
kahrizi
Academic staff
kahrizis@modares.ac.ir
0031947532846008213
0031947532846008213
Yes
Mehdi
Hedayati
Academic staff
hedayati@endocrine.ac.ir
0031947532846008214
0031947532846008214
No