Volume 30, Issue 3 (September 2026)
Physiol Pharmacol 2026, 30(3): 296-317 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Taghizadeh F, Rezaei Yazdi F, Javanbakht P, Ghazanfari Moghadam S, Zarini D, Mojaverrostami S. Protective roles of resveratrol in multiple sclerosis treatment: a review of preclinical studies. Physiol Pharmacol 2026; 30 (3) :296-317
URL: http://ppj.phypha.ir/article-1-2619-en.html
URL: http://ppj.phypha.ir/article-1-2619-en.html
Fatemeh Taghizadeh 
, Farzaneh Rezaei Yazdi , Parinaz Javanbakht , Sobhan Ghazanfari Moghadam , Davood Zarini , Sina Mojaverrostami 
, Farzaneh Rezaei Yazdi , Parinaz Javanbakht , Sobhan Ghazanfari Moghadam , Davood Zarini , Sina Mojaverrostami
Abstract: (553 Views)
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disorder characterized by inflammation and neurodegeneration within the central nervous system (CNS). Resveratrol (RES) is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound with broad antioxidant and anti‑inflammatory properties. As the most common demyelinating disease of the CNS, MS is defined by perivascular inflammation, demyelination, and axonal loss. This review aims to systematically evaluate the preclinical evidence for RES in MS models, elucidate its molecular mechanisms, and identify gaps that limit clinical translation. Preclinical investigations consistently demonstrate the beneficial impact of RES in animal models of MS through its remyelinating, anti‑inflammatory, and antioxidant activities, as well as its protective effects on the blood-brain barrier. RES, in addition to the aforementioned effects, has also been shown in pre‑clinical studies to improve MS through mechanisms such as Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) activation, T‑cell apoptosis, modulation of the miR-124/sphingosine kinase 1 axis, and enhancement of autophagy. Although RES exhibits several promising therapeutic properties, confirmation through robust clinical trials is essential before recommending RES as a treatment option for patients with MS.
Type of Manuscript: Review |
Subject:
Neurophysiology/Pharmacology
References
1. Abolghasemi M, Ali Ashrafi S, Asadi M, Shanehbandi D, Sadigh Etehad S, Poursaei E, et al. MicroRNAs expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with multiple sclerosis propose. Molecular Biology Reports 2023; 50: 167-172. [DOI:10.1007/s11033-022-07905-0]
2. Adamczyk B, Adamczyk-Sowa M. New Insights into the Role of Oxidative Stress Mechanisms in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2016; 2016: 1973834. [DOI:10.1155/2016/1973834]
3. Albani D, Polito L, Signorini A, Forloni G. Neuroprotective properties of resveratrol in different neurodegenerative disorders. Biofactors 2010; 36: 370-376. [DOI:10.1002/biof.118]
4. Amri A, Chaumeil J C, Sfar S, Charrueau C. Administration of resveratrol: What formulation solutions to bioavailability limitations? Journal of Controlled Release 2012; 158: 182-193. [DOI:10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.09.083]
5. Arbo B D, André-Miral C, Nasre-Nasser R G, Schimith L E, Santos M G, Costa-Silva D, et al. Resveratrol derivatives as potential treatments for Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience 2020; 12: 103. [DOI:10.3389/fnagi.2020.00103]
6. Arts I C, Hollman P C. Polyphenols and disease risk in epidemiologic studies. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2005; 81: 317S-325S. [DOI:10.1093/ajcn/81.1.317S]
7. Bankston A N, Forston M D, Howard R M, Andres K R, Smith A E, Ohri S S, et al. Autophagy is essential for oligodendrocyte differentiation, survival, and proper myelination. Glia 2019; 67: 1745-1759. [DOI:10.1002/glia.23646]
8. Barati S, Tahmasebi F, Faghihi F. Effects of mesenchymal stem cells transplantation on multiple sclerosis patients. Neuropeptides 2020; 84: 102095. [DOI:10.1016/j.npep.2020.102095]
9. Bennett J, Basivireddy J, Kollar A, Biron K E, Reickmann P, Jefferies W A, et al. Blood-brain barrier disruption and enhanced vascular permeability in the multiple sclerosis model EAE. Journal of Neuroimmunology 2010; 229: 180-191. [DOI:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2010.08.011]
10. Borra M T, Smith B C, Denu J M. Mechanism of human SIRT1 activation by resveratrol. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2005; 280: 17187-17195. [DOI:10.1074/jbc.M501250200]
11. Chaudhary P, Marracci G H, Bourdette D N. Lipoic acid inhibits expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 by CNS endothelial cells and T cell migration into the spinal cord in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Journal of Neuroimmunology 2006; 175: 87-96. [DOI:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2006.03.007]
12. Chimento A, De Amicis F, Sirianni R, Sinicropi M S, Puoci F, Casaburi I, et al. Progress to improve oral bioavailability and beneficial effects of resveratrol. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2019; 20. [DOI:10.3390/ijms20061381]
13. Colica C, Milanović M, Milić N, Aiello V, De Lorenzo A, Abenavoli L. A systematic review on natural antioxidant properties of resveratrol. Natural Product Communications 2018; 13: 1934578X1801300923. [DOI:10.1177/1934578X1801300923]
14. Cotsapas C, Mitrovic M, Hafler D. Multiple sclerosis. Handbook of Clinical Neurology 2018; 148: 723-730. [DOI:10.1016/B978-0-444-64076-5.00046-6]
15. Dai J, Bercury K K, Ahrendsen J T, Macklin W B. Olig1 function is required for oligodendrocyte differentiation in the mouse brain. Journal of Neuroscience 2015; 35: 4386-4402. [DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4962-14.2015]
16. Dasgupta B, Milbrandt J. Resveratrol stimulates AMP kinase activity in neurons. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2007; 104: 7217-7222. [DOI:10.1073/pnas.0610068104]
17. de la Lastra C A, Villegas I. Resveratrol as an anti-inflammatory and anti-aging agent: mechanisms and clinical implications. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research 2005; 49: 405-430. [DOI:10.1002/mnfr.200500022]
18. Dendrou C A, Fugger L, Friese M A. Immunopathology of multiple sclerosis. Nature Reviews Immunology 2015; 15: 545-558. [DOI:10.1038/nri3871]
19. Di Lorenzo C, Colombo F, Biella S, Stockley C, Restani P. Polyphenols and human health: The role of bioavailability. Nutrients 2021; 13: 273. [DOI:10.3390/nu13010273]
20. El-Sayed S A, Fouad G I, Rizk M Z, Beherei H H, Mabrouk M. Comparative neuroprotective potential of nanoformulated and free resveratrol against cuprizone-induced demyelination in rats. Molecular Neurobiology 2024: 1-16. [DOI:10.1007/s12035-024-04415-x]
21. Fabjanowicz M, Płotka-Wasylka J, Namieśnik J. Detection, identification and determination of resveratrol in wine. Problems and challenges. Trends in Analytical Chemistry 2018; 103: 21-33. [DOI:10.1016/j.trac.2018.03.006]
22. Fischer M T, Sharma R, Lim J L, Haider L, Frischer J M, Drexhage J, et al. NADPH oxidase expression in active multiple sclerosis lesions in relation to oxidative tissue damage and mitochondrial injury. Brain 2012; 135: 886-99. [DOI:10.1093/brain/aws012]
23. Flores G, Vázquez-Roque R A, Diaz A. Resveratrol effects on neural connectivity during aging. Neural Regeneration Research 2016; 11: 1067. [DOI:10.4103/1673-5374.187029]
24. Fonseca-Kelly Z, Nassrallah M, Uribe J, Khan R S, Dine K, Dutt M, et al. Resveratrol neuroprotection in a chronic mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Frontiers in Neurology 2012; 3: 84. [DOI:10.3389/fneur.2012.00084]
25. Fonseca-Santos B, Chorilli M. The uses of resveratrol for neurological diseases treatment and insights for nanotechnology based-drug delivery systems. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 2020; 589: 119832. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119832]
26. Förster C. Tight junctions and the modulation of barrier function in disease. Histochemistry and cell biology 2008; 130: 55-70. [DOI:10.1007/s00418-008-0424-9]
27. Frid K, Einstein O, Friedman-Levi Y, Binyamin O, Ben-Hur T, Gabizon R. Aggregation of MBP in chronic demyelination. Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology 2015; 2: 711-721. [DOI:10.1002/acn3.207]
28. Frohman E M, Racke M K, Raine C S. Multiple sclerosis--the plaque and its pathogenesis. New England Journal of Medicine 2006; 354: 942-955. [DOI:10.1056/NEJMra052130]
29. Fulton D, Paez P M, Campagnoni A T. The multiple roles of myelin protein genes during the development of the oligodendrocyte. ASN neuro 2009; 2: AN20090051. [DOI:10.1042/AN20090051]
30. Gaballah H H, Zakaria S S, Elbatsh M M, Tahoon N M. Modulatory effects of resveratrol on endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated apoptosis and oxido-inflammatory markers in a rat model of rotenone-induced Parkinson’s disease. Chemico-Biological Interactions 2016; 251: 10-16. [DOI:10.1016/j.cbi.2016.03.023]
31. Gambini J, Inglés M, Olaso G, Lopez-Grueso R, Bonet-Costa V, Gimeno-Mallench L, et al. Properties of resveratrol: in vitro and in vivo studies about metabolism, bioavailability, and biological effects in animal models and humans. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2015; 2015. [DOI:10.1155/2015/837042]
32. Gandy K A O, Zhang J, Nagarkatti P, Nagarkatti M. Resveratrol (3, 5, 4’-Trihydroxy-trans-Stilbene) Attenuates a mouse model of multiple sclerosis by altering the miR-124/Sphingosine kinase 1 axis in encephalitogenic T Cells in the brain. Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology 2019; 14: 462-477. [DOI:10.1007/s11481-019-09842-5]
33. Gh Popescu B F, Lucchinetti C F. Meningeal and cortical grey matter pathology in multiple sclerosis. BMC Neurology 2012; 12: 1-8. [DOI:10.1186/1471-2377-12-11]
34. Ghaiad H R, Nooh M M, El-Sawalhi M M, Shaheen A A. Resveratrol promotes remyelination in cuprizone model of multiple sclerosis: biochemical and histological study. Molecular Neurobiology 2017; 54: 3219-3229. [DOI:10.1007/s12035-016-9891-5]
35. Gianchecchi E, Fierabracci A. Insights on the effects of resveratrol and some of its derivatives in cancer and autoimmunity: a molecule with a dual activity. Antioxidants 2020; 9: 91. [DOI:10.3390/antiox9020091]
36. Griñán-Ferré C, Bellver-Sanchis A, Izquierdo V, Corpas R, Roig-Soriano J, Chillón M, et al. The pleiotropic neuroprotective effects of resveratrol in cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease pathology: From antioxidant to epigenetic therapy. Ageing Research Reviews 2021; 67: 101271. [DOI:10.1016/j.arr.2021.101271]
37. Haase S, Linker R A. Inflammation in multiple sclerosis. Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders 2021; 14: 17562864211007687. [DOI:10.1177/17562864211007687]
38. Haider L, Fischer M T, Frischer J M, Bauer J, Höftberger R, Botond G, et al. Oxidative damage in multiple sclerosis lesions. Brain 2011; 134: 1914-1924. [DOI:10.1093/brain/awr128]
39. Haider L, Simeonidou C, Steinberger G, Hametner S, Grigoriadis N, Deretzi G, et al. Multiple sclerosis deep grey matter: the relation between demyelination, neurodegeneration, inflammation and iron. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 2014; 85: 1386-1395. [DOI:10.1136/jnnp-2014-307712]
40. Haoyu Wang F L, Haifan Wang , Zenan Tian , Hong Fan , Zhibin Shi Resveratrol and the neuroinflammation axis in Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and cerebral ischemia. Frontiers in Immunology 2026: 17. [DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1758356]
41. Imler T J, Jr., Petro T M. Decreased severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis during resveratrol administration is associated with increased IL-17+IL-10+ T cells, CD4(-) IFN-gamma+ cells, and decreased macrophage IL-6 expression. Int Immunopharmacol 2009; 9: 134-143. [DOI:10.1016/j.intimp.2008.10.015]
42. Javanbakht P, Taghizadeh F, Takabi F S, Tajik M, Iranshahi S, Pasbakhsh P, et al. Effects of calorie restriction on multiple sclerosis: a review of the preclinical and clinical studies. Neurochemical Research 2023a; 48: 1597-1610. [DOI:10.1007/s11064-023-03874-3]
43. Javanbakht P, Yazdi F R, Taghizadeh F, Khadivi F, Hamidabadi H G, Kashani I R, et al. Quercetin as a possible complementary therapy in multiple sclerosis: Anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and remyelination potential properties. Heliyon 2023b. [DOI:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21741]
44. Javanbakht P, Yazdi F R, Taghizadeh F, Khadivi F, Hamidabadi H G, Kashani I R, et al. Quercetin as a possible complementary therapy in multiple sclerosis: Anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and remyelination potential properties. Heliyon 2023c; 9. [DOI:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21741]
45. Jeandet P, Delaunois B, Conreux A, Donnez D, Nuzzo V, Cordelier S, et al. Biosynthesis, metabolism, molecular engineering, and biological functions of stilbene phytoalexins in plants. Biofactors 2010; 36: 331-341. [DOI:10.1002/biof.108]
46. Kasra Shahsavari O Y, Hananeh Ahmadnia , Mahsa Tavakolian Ardakani , Mahnaz Khanavi , Hamidreza Monsef Esfahani , Reza Abdollahzadeh , Aida Sajedi , Hossein Kazemizadeh, Maede Hasanpour Neuroprotective potential of resveratrol in Parkinson, Huntington, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and multiple sclerosis: a comprehensive review. Molecular Biology Reports 2026; 4. [DOI:10.1007/s11033-026-12300-0]
47. Keramatzadeh S, Hosseini S A, Majdinasab N, Cheraghian B, Zilaee M. Effects of resveratrol supplementation on inflammatory markers, fatigue scale, fasting blood sugar and lipid profile in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients: a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial. Nutritional Neuroscience 2025; 28: 854-862. [DOI:10.1080/1028415X.2024.2425649]
48. Kong D, Yan Y, He X-Y, Yang H, Liang B, Wang J, et al. Effects of resveratrol on the mechanisms of antioxidants and estrogen in Alzheimer’s disease. BioMed Research International 2019; 2019: 8983752. [DOI:10.1155/2019/8983752]
49. Kumari N, Daram N, Alam M S, Verma A K. Rationalizing the use of polyphenol nano-formulations in the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases. CNS & Neurological Disorders-Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets-CNS & Neurological Disorders) 2022; 21: 966-976. [DOI:10.2174/1871527321666220512153854]
50. Kung H C, Lin K J, Kung C T, Lin T K. Oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroprotection of polyphenols with respect to resveratrol in Parkinson’s disease. Biomedicines 2021; 9. [DOI:10.3390/biomedicines9080918]
51. Kwon K J, Kim H-J, Shin C Y, Han S-H. Melatonin potentiates the neuroprotective properties of resveratrol against beta-amyloid-induced neurodegeneration by modulating AMP-activated protein kinase pathways. Clinical Neurology 2010; 6: 127-137. [DOI:10.3988/jcn.2010.6.3.127]
52. La Rosa G, Lonardo M S, Cacciapuoti N, Muscariello E, Guida B, Faraonio R, et al. Dietary polyphenols, microbiome, and multiple sclerosis: from molecular anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective mechanisms to clinical evidence. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2023a; 24: 7247. [DOI:10.3390/ijms24087247]
53. La Rosa G, Lonardo M S, Cacciapuoti N, Muscariello E, Guida B, Faraonio R, et al. Dietary polyphenols, microbiome, and multiple sclerosis: from molecular anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective mechanisms to clinical evidence. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2023b; 24. [DOI:10.3390/ijms24087247]
54. Lassmann H. Multiple sclerosis pathology. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine 2018; 8: a028936. [DOI:10.1101/cshperspect.a028936]
55. Lassmann H, Brück W, Lucchinetti C F. The immunopathology of multiple sclerosis: an overview. Brain Pathology 2007; 17: 210-218. [DOI:10.1111/j.1750-3639.2007.00064.x]
56. Lee D-H, Gold R, Linker R A. Mechanisms of oxidative damage in multiple sclerosis and neurodegenerative diseases: therapeutic modulation via fumaric acid esters. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2012; 13: 11783-11803. [DOI:10.3390/ijms130911783]
57. Lin K L, Lin K J, Wang P W, Chuang J H, Lin H Y, Chen S D, et al. Resveratrol provides neuroprotective effects through modulation of mitochondrial dynamics and ERK1/2 regulated autophagy. Free Radical Research 2018; 52: 1371-1386. [DOI:10.1080/10715762.2018.1489128]
58. Liu C, Dong S, Wang X, Xu H, Yang X, Wu S, et al. Research progress of polyphenols in nanoformulations for antibacterial application. Materials Today Bio 2023: 100729. [DOI:10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100729]
59. Liu Q, Zhu D, Jiang P, Tang X, Lang Q, Yu Q, et al. Resveratrol synergizes with low doses of L-DOPA to improve MPTP-induced Parkinson disease in mice. Behavioural Brain Research 2019; 367: 10-18. [DOI:10.1016/j.bbr.2019.03.043]
60. Luca S V, Macovei I, Bujor A, Miron A, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Aprotosoaie A C, et al. Bioactivity of dietary polyphenols: The role of metabolites. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 2020; 60: 626-659. [DOI:10.1080/10408398.2018.1546669]
61. Mancuso R, del Valle J, Modol L, Martinez A, Granado-Serrano A B, Ramirez-Núñez O, et al. Resveratrol improves motoneuron function and extends survival in SOD1(G93A) ALS mice. Neurotherapeutics 2014; 11: 419-432. [DOI:10.1007/s13311-013-0253-y]
62. Margoni M, Preziosa P, Filippi M, Rocca M A. Anti-CD20 therapies for multiple sclerosis: current status and future perspectives. Journal of Neurology 2022; 269: 1316-1334. [DOI:10.1007/s00415-021-10744-x]
63. Mc Guire C, Prinz M, Beyaert R, van Loo G. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in multiple sclerosis pathology. Trends in Molecular Medicine 2013; 19: 604-613. [DOI:10.1016/j.molmed.2013.08.001]
64. Meng T, Xiao D, Muhammed A, Deng J, Chen L, He J. Anti-Inflammatory Action and Mechanisms of Resveratrol. Molecules 2021; 26. [DOI:10.3390/molecules26010229]
65. Mojaverrostami S, Khadivi F, Zarini D, Mohammadi A. Combination effects of mesenchymal stem cells transplantation and anodal transcranial direct current stimulation on a cuprizone-induced mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Journal of Molecular Histology 2022; 53: 817-831. [DOI:10.1007/s10735-022-10092-8]
66. Moser T, Akgün K, Proschmann U, Sellner J, Ziemssen T. The role of TH17 cells in multiple sclerosis: Therapeutic implications. Autoimmunity Reviews 2020; 19: 102647. [DOI:10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102647]
67. Nave K-A. Myelination and the trophic support of long axons. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 2010; 11: 275-283. [DOI:10.1038/nrn2797]
68. Nimmagadda V K, Bever C T, Vattikunta N R, Talat S, Ahmad V, Nagalla N K, et al. Overexpression of SIRT1 protein in neurons protects against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis through activation of multiple SIRT1 targets. The Journal of Immunology 2013; 190: 4595-4607. [DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.1202584]
69. Novak V, Rogelj B, Župunski V. Therapeutic potential of polyphenols in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10. [DOI:10.3390/antiox10081328]
70. Palle S, Neerati P. Improved neuroprotective effect of resveratrol nanoparticles as evinced by abrogation of rotenone-induced behavioral deficits and oxidative and mitochondrial dysfunctions in rat model of Parkinson’s disease. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Archives of Pharmacology 2018; 391: 445-453. [DOI:10.1007/s00210-018-1474-8]
71. Park S-J, Ahmad F, Philp A, Baar K, Williams T, Luo H, et al. Resveratrol ameliorates aging-related metabolic phenotypes by inhibiting cAMP phosphodiesterases. Cell 2012; 148: 421-433. [DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2012.01.017]
72. Plemel J R, Juzwik C A, Benson C A, Monks M, Harris C, Ploughman M. Over-the-counter anti-oxidant therapies for use in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review. Multiple Sclerosis Journal 2015; 21: 1485-95. [DOI:10.1177/1352458515601513]
73. Praet J, Guglielmetti C, Berneman Z, Van der Linden A, Ponsaerts P. Cellular and molecular neuropathology of the cuprizone mouse model: clinical relevance for multiple sclerosis. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 2014; 47: 485-505. [DOI:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.10.004]
74. Price N L, Gomes A P, Ling A J, Duarte F V, Martin-Montalvo A, North B J, et al. SIRT1 is required for AMPK activation and the beneficial effects of resveratrol on mitochondrial function. Cell Metabolism 2012; 15: 675-690. [DOI:10.1016/j.cmet.2012.04.003]
75. Priyadarshi Prajjwal M D M M, Shahnaz Asharaf, Pugazhendi Inban, Srikanth Gadam, Rukesh Yadav, Neel Vora, Varsha Nandwana, Ali Dheyaa Marsool Marsool, Omniat Amir. Comparison of recent updates in genetics, immunology,biomarkers, and neuroimaging of primary-progressive andrelapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and the role ofocrelizumab in the management of their refractory cases. Health Science Reports 2023; 6: 1-10. [DOI:10.1002/hsr2.1422]
76. Regitz C, Fitzenberger E, Mahn F L, Dußling L M, Wenzel U. Resveratrol reduces amyloid-beta (Aβ1-42)-induced paralysis through targeting proteostasis in an Alzheimer model of Caenorhabditis elegans. European Journal of Nutrition 2016; 55: 741-747. [DOI:10.1007/s00394-015-0894-1]
77. Rivera F J, Aigner L. Adult mesenchymal stem cell therapy for myelin repair in multiple sclerosis. Biological Research 2012; 45: 257-268. [DOI:10.4067/S0716-97602012000300007]
78. Rossi M, Caruso F, Antonioletti R, Viglianti A, Traversi G, Leone S, et al. Scavenging of hydroxyl radical by resveratrol and related natural stilbenes after hydrogen peroxide attack on DNA. Chemico-Biological Interactions 2013; 206: 175-185. [DOI:10.1016/j.cbi.2013.09.013]
79. Samy D M, Zaki E I, Hassaan P S, Abdelmonsif D A, Mohamed D Y, Saleh S R. Neurobehavioral, biochemical and histological assessment of the effects of resveratrol on cuprizone-induced demyelination in mice: role of autophagy modulation. Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry 2023; 79: 583-596. [DOI:10.1007/s13105-023-00959-z]
80. Sato F, Martinez N E, Shahid M, Rose J W, Carlson N G, Tsunoda I. Resveratrol exacerbates both autoimmune and viral models of multiple sclerosis. The American Journal of Pathology 2013; 183: 1390-1396. [DOI:10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.07.006]
81. Schepici G, Silvestro S, Bramanti P, Mazzon E. The gut microbiota in multiple sclerosis: an overview of clinical trials. Cell Transplant 2019; 28: 1507-1527. [DOI:10.1177/0963689719873890]
82. Shamsher E, Khan R, Davis B, Dine K, Luong V, Somavarapu S, et al. Effects of oral and intranasal resveratrol nanoparticle administration on neurodegeneration and neuronal dysfunction in a model of multiple sclerosis. Acta Ophthalmologica 2024a; 102. [DOI:10.1111/aos.15821]
83. Shamsher E, Khan R S, Davis B M, Dine K, Luong V, Cordeiro M F, et al. Intranasal resveratrol nanoparticles enhance neuroprotection in a model of multiple sclerosis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2024b; 25: 4047. [DOI:10.3390/ijms25074047]
84. Shamsher E, Khan R S, Davis B M, Dine K, Luong V, Somavarapu S, et al. Nanoparticles enhance solubility and neuroprotective effects of resveratrol in demyelinating disease. Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20: 1138-1153. [DOI:10.1007/s13311-023-01378-0]
85. Shindler K S, Ventura E, Dutt M, Elliott P, Fitzgerald D C, Rostami A. Oral resveratrol reduces neuronal damage in a model of multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology 2010; 30: 328-339. [DOI:10.1097/WNO.0b013e3181f7f833]
86. Singh N P, Hegde V L, Hofseth L J, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti P. Resveratrol (trans-3,5,4’-trihydroxystilbene) ameliorates experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, primarily via induction of apoptosis in T cells involving activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor and estrogen receptor. Molecular Pharmacology 2007; 72: 1508-1521. [DOI:10.1124/mol.107.038984]
87. Singh N P, Singh U P, Hegde V L, Guan H, Hofseth L, Nagarkatti M, et al. Resveratrol (trans-3,5,4’-trihydroxystilbene) suppresses EL4 tumor growth by induction of apoptosis involving reciprocal regulation of SIRT1 and NF-κB. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research 2011; 55: 1207-1218. [DOI:10.1002/mnfr.201000576]
88. Smith C M, Mayer J A, Duncan I D. Autophagy promotes oligodendrocyte survival and function following dysmyelination in a long-lived myelin mutant. Journal of Neuroscience 2013; 33: 8088-8100. [DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0233-13.2013]
89. Sun X Y, Dong Q X, Zhu J, Sun X, Zhang L F, Qiu M, et al. Resveratrol rescues tau-induced cognitive deficits and neuropathology in a mouse model of tauopathy. Current Alzheimer Research 2019; 16: 710-722. [DOI:10.2174/1567205016666190801153751]
90. Tecellioğlu M, Türkmen N B, Ciftçi O, Taşlıdere A, Ekmekyapar T, Yüce H, et al. The beneficial effects of resveratrol on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in C57BL/6J mouse model. Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology 2022; 58: 1041-1054. [DOI:10.1134/S0022093022040093]
91. Tellone E, Galtieri A, Russo A, Giardina B, Ficarra S. Resveratrol: A focus on several neurodegenerative diseases. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2015; 2015: 392169. [DOI:10.1155/2015/392169]
92. Tian B, Liu J. Resveratrol: A review of plant sources, synthesis, stability, modification and food application. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2020; 100: 1392-1404. [DOI:10.1002/jsfa.10152]
93. Tian Y, Ma J, Wang W, Zhang L, Xu J, Wang K, et al. Resveratrol supplement inhibited the NF-κB inflammation pathway through activating AMPKα-SIRT1 pathway in mice with fatty liver. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 2016; 422: 75-84. [DOI:10.1007/s11010-016-2807-x]
94. Tomé-Carneiro J, Larrosa M, González-Sarrías A, A Tomas-Barberan F, Teresa Garcia-Conesa M, Carlos Espin J. Resveratrol and clinical trials: the crossroad from in vitro studies to human evidence. Current Pharmaceutical Design 2013a; 19: 6064-6093. [DOI:10.2174/13816128113199990407]
95. Tomé-Carneiro J, Larrosa M, González-Sarrías A, Tomás-Barberán F A, García-Conesa M T, Espín J C. Resveratrol and clinical trials: the crossroad from in vitro studies to human evidence. Current Pharmaceutical Design 2013b; 19: 6064-6093. [DOI:10.2174/13816128113199990407]
96. Van Langelaar J, Rijvers L, Smolders J, Van Luijn M M. B and T cells driving multiple sclerosis: identity, mechanisms and potential triggers. Frontiers in Immunology 2020; 11: 760. [DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2020.00760]
97. Villar-Delfino P H, Santos R P, Christo P P, Nogueira-Machado J A, Volpe C M O. Antioxidant effects of resveratrol in granulocytes from multiple sclerosis patients. Exploration of Neuroscience 2024; 3: 362-374. [DOI:10.37349/en.2024.00055]
98. Wang B, Yang Q, Sun Y Y, Xing Y F, Wang Y B, Lu X T, et al. Resveratrol-enhanced autophagic flux ameliorates myocardial oxidative stress injury in diabetic mice. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine 2014; 18: 1599-1611. [DOI:10.1111/jcmm.12312]
99. Wang D, Li S-P, Fu J-S, Bai L, Guo L. Resveratrol augments therapeutic efficiency of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience 2016a; 49: 60-66. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2016.01.005]
100. Wang D, Li S P, Fu J S, Zhang S, Bai L, Guo L. Resveratrol defends blood-brain barrier integrity in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice. Journal of Neurophysiology 2016b; 116: 2173-2179. [DOI:10.1152/jn.00510.2016]
101. Witte M E, Bø L, Rodenburg R J, Belien J A, Musters R, Hazes T, et al. Enhanced number and activity of mitochondria in multiple sclerosis lesions. Journal of Pathology 2009; 219: 193-204. [DOI:10.1002/path.2582]
102. Yang X, Yan J, Feng J. Treatment with tanshinone IIA suppresses disruption of the blood-brain barrier and reduces expression of adhesion molecules and chemokines in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. European Journal of Pharmacology 2016; 771: 18-28. [DOI:10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.12.014]
103. Yeung F, Hoberg J E, Ramsey C S, Keller M D, Jones D R, Frye R A, et al. Modulation of NF-kappaB-dependent transcription and cell survival by the SIRT1 deacetylase. EMBO Journal 2004; 23: 2369-2380. [DOI:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600244]
104. Yun Y C, Jeong S G, Kim S H, Cho G W. Reduced sirtuin 1/adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient-derived mesenchymal stem cells can be restored by resveratrol. Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine 2019; 13: 110-115. [DOI:10.1002/term.2776]
105. Zhang L-X, Li C-X, Kakar M U, Khan M S, Wu P-F, Amir R M, et al. Resveratrol (RV): A pharmacological review and call for further research. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy 2021a; 143: 112164. [DOI:10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112164]
106. Zhang L X, Li C X, Kakar M U, Khan M S, Wu P F, Amir R M, et al. Resveratrol (RV): A pharmacological review and call for further research. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 2021b; 143: 112164. [DOI:10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112164]
107. Zhang S, Kan Q-C, Xu Y, Zhang G-X, Zhu L. Inhibitory effect of matrine on blood-brain barrier disruption for the treatment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Mediators of Inflammation 2013; 2013. [DOI:10.1155/2013/736085]
108. Zhao H, Wang Q, Cheng X, Li X, Li N, Liu T, et al. Inhibitive effect of resveratrol on the inflammation in cultured astrocytes and microglia induced by Aβ(1-42). Neuroscience 2018; 379: 390-404. [DOI:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.03.047]
109. Zheng X, Sun K, Liu Y, Yin X, Zhu H, Yu F, et al. Resveratrol-loaded macrophage exosomes alleviate multiple sclerosis through targeting microglia. Journal of Controlled Release 2023; 353: 675-684. [DOI:10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.12.026]
110. Zhou D-D, Luo M, Huang S-Y, Saimaiti A, Shang A, Gan R-Y, et al. Effects and mechanisms of resveratrol on aging and age-related diseases. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2021; 2021: 1-15. [DOI:10.1155/2021/9932218]
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
