Shahrzad Zhaeentan, Fardin Amidi, Ashraf Moini, Seyed Danial Mohammadi, Aligholi Sobhani, Masoomeh Nataj Majd, Mahshad Khodarahmian,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (7-2021)
Abstract
Background: Endometriosis (EMS) is a highly prevalent gynecological disorder with substantial health consequences, affecting as many as 10% of women in their reproductive years. Although EMS is widespread, its intricate origin and pathophysiology are not well understood. This study investigated the molecular characteristics of EMS by examining the expression patterns of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and genes linked to the condition.
Methods: The study used publicly accessible datasets, namely RNA-seq data for long non-coding RNAs (GSE105764), miRNA expression data (GSE105765), and gene expression data (GSE12768), to compare samples of ectopic and eutopic endometrial samples. The study conducted differential expression analysis, pathway enrichment analyses, protein-protein interaction network creation, and hub gene identification were used to uncover the molecular markers linked to EMS.
Results: The investigation identified substantial dysregulation of lncRNAs, miRNAs, and genes in endometriotic tissues compared with the control eutopic endometrium. Hub genes, including CDH1, ESR1, GATA4, PGR, FOXA2, EPCAM, APOA1, BDNF, FGFR2, and PAX2, dominate the molecular landscape. miR-6500-3p has been identified as a pivotal regulator that influences the expression of seven essential genes. Pathway enrichment analysis identified biological processes, including embryonic organ morphogenesis, immunological response, and medication metabolism. Exploring lncRNA-mediated regulatory axes, particularly H19 and MIR600HG, suggests complex networks that may clarify the molecular underpinnings of EMS.
Conclusion: This thorough investigation offers significant insight into the molecular pathways underlying EMS. Hub genes and regulatory miRNAs, including miR-6500-3p, have been identified as prospective targets for therapeutic interventions. Pathway enrichment studies provide a more comprehensive understanding of the biological processes implicated in EMS, indicating new possibilities for therapeutic interventions.
Seyed Amin Mousavinezhad, Naser Harzandi, Azam Marjani, Parvaneh Jafari,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (7-2021)
Abstract
Introduction:The burn wound healing process is multi-variable and various factors are involved. chitosan-based dressings are acceptable materials for wound healing. probiotics and postbiotics, can increase the effectiveness of these dressings.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of biodegradable dressing prepared from chitosan and external microvesicles of Bifidobacteriumbifidum on burn wound healing in male Wistar rats.
Methods:Bifidobacteriumbifidum was cultured, the activated crude supernatant(ACS) was separated and the microvesicles were isolated with the help of Ultra-centrifugation at 150,000×g at 4°C for 30minute.Chitosan films containing and without microvesicles were prepared using a heater stirrer at 29°C.the effectiveness of the membranes was evaluated. For this purpose, 60 male rats with second-degree bursns were randomly divided into 5 groups(n=12) and were treated for 21 days, the process of wound healing was examined macroscopically and microscopically (wound histology and evaluation of gene expression of cytokines interleukin-8, interleukin-10 and VEGF) on the 3rd, 7th, 14thand 21stdays.The obtained data were analyzed by IBM SPSS.21 software and using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney tests with p ≤ 0.05.
Results:The average diameter of microvesicles was 174 ± 52nm.The thickness of the layers was 2mm.The wounds of the group post-biotic and positive control were closed on the 14th day.Collagen production and epithelialization as well as inflammation control in the treatment groups were higher than negative control.
Conclusion:The use of chitosan membranes, particularly those enhanced with ACS and microvesicles, represents a significant advancement in wound careby inflammation control, offering a promising strategy forimproving the healing of burn wounds.
Hoda Khoshdel- Sarkarizi, Ali Akbar Rajabzadeh, Maryam Paseban, Ghasem Sazegar,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (7-2021)
Abstract
Background: As herbal drugs have the potential to influence the therapeutic outcomes of pharmaceutical drugs, we investigated the effects of co-administration of Teucrium polium L. extract (TP) and Glibenclamide (Glib) on pancreatic islets in diabetic rats.
Methods: Male Wistar rats were separated into six distinct groups (n=8). The control and sham control (normal saline), while four diabetic rats received different treatments (normal saline, Glib (5mg/kg), TP (200mg/kg), or co-administration of TP and Glib), via gavage, for 6 weeks. Induction of diabetes was performed with Streptozotocin injection, intraperitoneally at a dose of 55 mg/kg. The animals were anesthetized, and their dissected pancreases were fixed in 10% Formalin. Stereological assessments were done to determine pancreas volume, islet volume, volume density of islets relative to the pancreas, the number of Beta and apoptotic cells within the islets. Ultimately, the data analysis was conducted using SPSS and ANOVA.
Results: Histological examinations revealed that the administration of TP, Glib, and co-administration of them non-significantly increased the islet volume and volume density of islets relative to the pancreas in diabetic rats. However, treatment with these drugs led to an increase in the number of Beta cells and a decrease in the number of apoptotic cells within the islet. Notably, co-administration of these drugs did not yield significant differences compared to individual treatments.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that TP and Glib have similar impacts in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Co-administration of them did not result in significant difference in this regard.
Sara Hosseinzadeh, Saeid Abbasi-Maleki,
Volume 27, Issue 2 (7-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: The side-effects and short anesthesia caused by ketamine limit its individual application. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory, sedative and muscle relaxant effects of borneol as an analgesic and anesthetic have promoted its application in Chinese and Japanese medicine. This study examined the effects of co-administration of borneol and ketamine on anesthesia parameters in male rats.
Methods: Twenty-four male rats were divided into four groups, and respectively received borneol (Bo), ketamine (K), borneol-ketamine (BoK) and diazepam-ketamine (DK). Parameters recorded included the heart rate, respiratory rate, body temperature and pain reflexes (ear, tail and pedal), induction time, duration of surgical anesthesia and walking time.
Results: Borneol did not individually induce surgical anesthesia, which was reached faster in group DK than in group BoK. Insignificant differences in duration of surgical anesthesia, walking time and pain reflexes were observed between groups BoK and DK. The heart rate, respiratory rate and body temperature were higher in group BoK than in group DK.
Conclusion: The pre-anesthetic and hypnotic effects of borneol were similar to those of diazepam. Further studies are, however, required for determining the exact pharmacological mechanism of borneol
Izuchukwu Azuka Okafor, Ndubuisi Paris Obi, Kingsley Chinemerem Ibeabuchi,
Volume 27, Issue 4 (12-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: Herbal medicine has been used as tea, ointment, capsules, syrup, whole herbs, and tablets to treat fertility disorders. The herbs and their treatment use in different localities vary, and the effectiveness of herbal treatment for routine treatment of diseases is still a debated issue to date. This study is a 20-year review of the herbal medicines treatment options for female fertility disorders to provide an updated publication of herbal treatments for female infertility and their associated outcomes, informing further research or translation. Methods: PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Cochrane databases were searched for clinical trials using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms and related keywords, which retrieved 336 studies. All cross-sectional studies, reviews, and controlled trials utilizing phytotherapy on study participants without evidence of female infertility were excluded. Only 23 studies published in the English Language between January 2002 and August 2021 were included in the evidence synthesis after article screening. Results: Several herbal treatments in women cause a significant reduction in the symptoms of primary dysmenorrhea, PCOS, endometriosis, luteal phase defect, and vulvovaginal candidiasis, with substantial improvements in pregnancy and live birth rates. The herbal drugs identified from available studies were formulations – tablets or creams - with specified doses and administered orally or intravaginally. Conclusion: Evidence exists that herbal treatments effectively treat female fertility disorders. However, they have not fully established the extent of safety, side effects, and pharmacological mechanisms of the therapeutic effects attributed to these herbal treatments.
Anupama Gudadappanavar, Prashant Hombal, Jyoti Benni,
Volume 28, Issue 3 (9-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) has gradually become a vital part of health care currently. AI and machine learning (ML) have made significant progress in recent years, particularly in terms of deep learning (DL) approaches in pharmacology. AI will have a significant impact on pharmacologists at all levels in the coming decade, including drug development and research, medical education, and clinical practice. AI is transforming health research, by boosting data analysis, providing diagnostic tools, predicting outcomes, and helping develop personalized treatments. AI affords early detection of diseases and creates virtual patient models to assess treatments. In this reverence, the objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the impact of AI in the field of Pharmacology and health research.
Methods: The review was performed by preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The studies published from 2009 to 2022 were identified using specific keywords through searches on PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Cochrane review databases. The explorations retrieved 972 studies and on subsequent screening with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 71 studies were included for this systematic review.
Results: The collective results showed that AI plays a significant role in the fields of pharmacology, research, medical education, health care diagnostics, and clinical practice, with high accuracy and efficiency.
Conclusion: AI has emerged as a powerful tool in pharmacology and healthcare, offering innovative solutions to longstanding challenges. It has revolutionized and digitally transformed the manual healthcare system into an automated version in many areas.
Soheila Soltanbeigi, Zeinab Fahimi, Maryam Maleki, Aliashraf Mozafari, Mohammad Reza Kaffashian,
Volume 28, Issue 4 (12-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Traditional medicine recommends herbal medicines for metabolic disorders. The present study explores the skin wound healing potential of Hypericum helianthemoides (H. helianthemoides) extract in diabetic and non-diabetic rats.
Methods: Following wound induction in diabetic (n=50) (induced by a single dose of streptozotocin) and non-diabetic (n=50) rats, H. helianthemoides extract (5% and 10%) was administered versus standard drug phenytoin (1%) and Osrin to positive and sham control groups. Tropical ointment therapy was applied once a day until the end of the study period (20 days). A Vernier caliper (with a 0.1 mm accuracy) was used to measure the wound length at 1, 3, 7, 11, 15, and 20 days after induction. Furthermore, pathological examination categorized the wound healing process into five categories: poor, mild, moderate, fair, and excellent.
Results: On the study’s first day, both diabetic and nondiabetic rats had the same wound area size. After 11 days, the wound area size significantly decreased in groups treated with 5% and 10% H. helianthemoides extract compared to the sham and control groups (P<0.001). Hence, based on the wound pathological evaluation scale, the most frequent phenytoin and H. helianthemoides extract-treated groups were classified as moderate to excellent (P<0.05).
Conclusion: H. helianthemoides extract accelerates full-thickness wound healing in diabetic and non-diabetic rats
